Unofficial materials. Only the Russian originals published in the official sources of the Russian Federation have legal force. Pages marked «summary» state what an act regulates and do not reproduce its provisions.
These materials are for general reference and help you find the relevant rules, but they are not legal or engineering advice and do not replace the official document. The translations are unofficial and provided for convenience. Only the official source in its language of adoption is authoritative, and it prevails in any discrepancy. We aim for accuracy and currency but cannot guarantee them, so errors or outdated content are possible. Check the official source before you act, and consult a qualified professional where needed. To the extent permitted by law, ptwhub is not liable for any loss arising from use of these materials. Last checked: 17.07.2026.