Order of the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection of the Russian Federation No. 903n of 15 December 2020
Unofficial translation. Only the Russian original published in the official sources of the Russian Federation has legal force. This translation is provided for reference and does not replace the official document.
1.1. The Labour Protection Rules for the Operation of Electrical Installations (hereinafter - the Rules) establish state regulatory labour protection requirements for the operation of electrical installations. The requirements of the Rules apply to employers - legal entities and natural persons irrespective of their organisational and legal forms and to workers from among the electrotechnical, electrotechnological and non-electrotechnical personnel of organisations (hereinafter - workers) engaged in the technical maintenance of electrical installations, carrying out operational switching in them, organising and performing construction, installation, commissioning and repair work, tests and measurements, including work with electricity metering devices, measuring instruments and automation equipment, and also managing the technological operating modes of electric power facilities and consumers' energy-receiving installations. Labour protection requirements arising from the specific features of the operation of specialised electrical installations, including the contact network of electrified railways and urban electric transport, are established by industry-specific labour protection rules and are also reflected in the regulatory documents for the maintenance of these electrical installations.
1.2. The obligations to ensure safe conditions and labour protection rest with the employer. Depending on the specific nature of its activity and on the basis of the assessment of the occupational risk level, the employer may: 1) establish additional safety requirements not contradicting the Rules. Labour protection requirements shall be contained in the relevant labour protection instructions and shall be communicated to the worker in the form of orders, instructions and briefings; 2) for the purpose of monitoring the safe performance of work, use instruments, devices, equipment and (or) a complex (system) of instruments, devices and equipment providing remote video, audio or other recording of the work performance processes.
1.3. Machines, apparatus, lines and auxiliary equipment (together with the structures and premises in which they are installed), intended for the generation, conversion, transformation, transmission and distribution of electrical energy and for its conversion into another type of energy (hereinafter - electrical installations), shall be in a technically sound condition ensuring safe working conditions.
1.4. Organisations shall exercise control over compliance with the Rules and with the requirements of the labour protection instructions, and control over the conduct of briefings.
1.5. Labour protection document management may be maintained in electronic form using an electronic signature or any other method that allows the worker's identity to be established, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
2.1. Workers shall undergo training in safe methods and techniques for performing work in electrical installations.
2.2. Workers shall undergo training in the provision of first aid to persons injured at work before being admitted to independent work. In addition to training in the provision of first aid to persons injured at work, electrotechnical personnel shall be trained in the techniques for releasing an injured person from the action of electric current, taking into account the specific features of the electrical installations being serviced (operated).
2.3. Workers belonging to the electrotechnical personnel (from among the specially trained personnel organising and carrying out the installation, commissioning, repair, operation, technical maintenance and operating-mode control of electrical installations) and to the electrotechnological personnel (from among the personnel for whom, in the technological process they control, electrical energy is the main component (electric welding, electric arc furnaces, electrolysis and the like), who use in their work hand-held electrical machines, portable power tools and luminaires, and other workers for whom the job description or the labour protection instruction establishes knowledge of the Rules to an extent not lower than electrical safety group II, the requirements for which are set out in Appendix No. 1 to the Rules), and also officials exercising control and supervision over compliance with safety requirements in the operation of electrical installations, and labour protection specialists supervising electrical installations, shall pass a test of knowledge of the requirements of the Rules and of the other safety requirements applicable to the organisation and performance of work in electrical installations within the limits of the requirements applicable to the relevant position or occupation, and shall have the relevant electrical safety group, the requirements for which are set out in Appendix No. 1 to the Rules. The requirements of the Rules established for workers from among the electrotechnical personnel shall also be mandatory for workers from among the electrotechnological personnel. The requirements for personnel with regard to electrical safety set out in Appendix No. 1 to the Rules are the minimum requirements and may be supplemented by a decision of the head of the organisation. Electrical safety group I is assigned to non-electrotechnical personnel (from among the personnel not belonging to the electrotechnical and electrotechnological personnel who perform work in which a danger of electric shock may arise). The list of positions and workplaces for which the assignment of electrical safety group I to workers is necessary for the performance of work is determined by the head of the organisation (separate subdivision). Personnel who have mastered the electrical safety requirements relating to their production activity are assigned electrical safety group I, with a record being made in a register which indicates the surname, first name and patronymic (if any) of the worker, the worker's position, the date of assignment of electrical safety group I, and the signatures of the person being tested and of the person conducting the test. The assignment of electrical safety group I is carried out by conducting a briefing, which shall conclude with a knowledge test in the form of an oral examination and (where necessary) a check of the acquired skills of safe working methods and of the provision of first aid in the event of electric shock. The assignment of electrical safety group I is carried out by a worker from among the electrotechnical personnel who has electrical safety group III, or by a labour protection specialist who has electrical safety group IV or higher, appointed by an order of the head of the organisation. Electrical safety group III may be assigned to workers only upon their reaching the age of 18 years. Upon being hired (transferred to another area of work, or standing in for an absent worker), a worker shall, during the knowledge test, confirm the electrical safety group they hold as applicable to the new position and to the equipment of the electrical installations at the new area. Where a worker engaged in servicing electrical installations with a voltage below 1000 V is transferred to work involving the servicing of electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, the worker shall not be assigned an initial electrical safety group higher than III. Officials exercising control and supervision over compliance with safety requirements in the operation of electrical installations shall have an electrical safety group not lower than IV. Labour protection specialists supervising the electrical installations of electricity-consumer organisations shall have electrical safety group IV, and their length of production service (not necessarily in electrical installations) shall be at least 3 years. Labour protection specialists of electric power industry entities who supervise electrical installations shall have electrical safety group V and are admitted to the performance of their official duties in accordance with the procedure established for electrotechnical personnel.
2.4. A worker shall comply with the requirements of the Rules, the labour protection instructions, and the instructions received during targeted and other briefings. Workers referred to in paragraph 2.3 of the Rules who have passed the test of knowledge of the requirements of the Rules and of the other safety requirements applicable to the organisation and performance of work in electrical installations shall be issued with certificates of the test of knowledge of the rules for working in electrical installations, the recommended templates for which are set out in Appendices No. 2 and 3 to the Rules. The results of the labour protection knowledge test in electric power industry organisations are recorded in a protocol of the test of knowledge of the rules for working in electrical installations, the recommended template for which is set out in Appendix No. 4 to the Rules, and are entered in a register for recording the tests of knowledge of the rules for working in electrical installations, the recommended template for which is set out in Appendix No. 5 to the Rules. The results of the labour protection knowledge test for organisations that purchase electrical energy for their own domestic and production needs are recorded in a register for recording the tests of knowledge of the rules for working in electrical installations, the recommended template for which is set out in Appendix No. 6 to the Rules. The electrical safety group (with the exception of electrical safety group I, the assignment of which is carried out in accordance with paragraph 2.3 of the Rules) is assigned on the basis of the results of the knowledge test to the extent determined in accordance with Appendix No. 1 to the Rules and with the Rules for Working with Personnel in Electric Power Industry Organisations of the Russian Federation, approved by Order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation No. 796 of 22 September 2020 (registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on 18 January 2021, registration No. 62115) (hereinafter - the Rules for Working with Personnel). The assignment (confirmation) of the electrical safety group shall be carried out in compliance with the requirements for the formation of knowledge-testing commissions determined by the Rules for Working with Personnel. The recording of the results of the assignment (confirmation) of an electrical safety group to workers in electric power industry organisations may be carried out using the document forms (the knowledge test protocol, the knowledge test register, the certificate) established by the Rules for Working with Personnel.
2.5 Workers who have the right to carry out special work shall have a record to this effect in the certificate of the test of knowledge of the rules for working in electrical installations, the recommended template for which is set out in Appendix No. 2 to the Rules. Special work in electrical installations includes: work at height; work without disconnecting the voltage from the electrical installation, performed with contact with live parts that are under working voltage, or at a distance from these live parts of less than the permissible distance, with the exception of work in control, signalling, automation, protection and measurement devices interconnected by secondary circuits (a set of cables and wires connecting these devices) (hereinafter - secondary systems), in electricity metering devices, in dispatching and process control means, and in automated dispatching control systems (hereinafter - work under voltage on live parts); testing of equipment with increased voltage (with the exception of work with a megohmmeter); work performed with the disconnection of the working voltage from the electrical installation or a part thereof, with contact with live parts that are under an induced voltage of more than 25 V at the workplace or at a distance from these live parts of less than the permissible distance (hereinafter - work under induced voltage).
2.6. On-the-job training and understudy training are carried out under the guidance of a worker responsible for the on-the-job training and understudy training, appointed by an organisational and administrative document (hereinafter - OAD) of the organisation (of another separate subdivision of the organisation (hereinafter - separate subdivision)). Admission to independent work shall be formalised by an OAD of the organisation (separate subdivision).
2.7. Where a worker does not have the right to take measures to eliminate breaches of the requirements of the Rules that pose a danger to people, or malfunctions of electrical installations, machines, mechanisms, fixtures, tools or protective equipment, the worker shall report this to their immediate supervisor.
2.8. Workers who have undergone training in the performance of a special type of work and a test of knowledge of the safety requirements for carrying out that special type of work are admitted to special work in electrical installations. The right to carry out special work is confirmed by a record in the field "Certificate of the right to carry out special work" of the certificate of the test of knowledge of the rules for working in electrical installations, the recommended template for which is set out in Appendix No. 2 to the Rules.
2.9. The certificate of the test of knowledge of the rules for working in electrical installations, the recommended template for which is set out in Appendix No. 2 to the Rules, is a document certifying the bearer's right to work independently in the specified position. The certificate is issued to the worker after they have been formally hired and have successfully completed the necessary stages of preparation for independent work, and is recognised as valid after particulars of the results of the test of knowledge of the relevant regulatory documents and of the assignment of an electrical safety group, as well as a record of the right to carry out special work (where necessary), have been entered on the form of that certificate. In the field "Admitted as", it is recommended to indicate the category of personnel: administrative and technical, dispatching, operational, operational-repair, or repair personnel; the field "for work in electrical installations with a voltage of" is recommended to be completed, after the knowledge test, for workers admitted, in accordance with the OAD of the organisation (separate subdivision), to the performance of work or to the organisation of the safe performance of work in electrical installations, indicating the voltage class (up to 1000 V, up to and above 1000 V). The overall assessment of the results of the knowledge test is recommended to be indicated in the field "Results of the test of knowledge of regulatory documents". It is recommended that the field not be completed where an unscheduled knowledge test is conducted for a worker of an electric power industry organisation in one of the following sections: design and technical operation, labour protection, fire safety. The fields "Results of the test of knowledge of regulatory documents on design and technical operation", "Results of the test of knowledge of regulatory documents on labour protection", "Results of the test of knowledge of regulatory documents on fire safety" are recommended to be completed for workers of electric power industry organisations, and they contain the assessments of the results of the test of knowledge of regulatory documents in the sections: design and technical operation, labour protection, fire safety. The field "Results of the test of knowledge of regulatory documents on industrial safety and other special rules" is recommended to be completed for workers who, by virtue of their job duties and the nature of their production activity, are required to undergo a test of knowledge of the industrial safety rules and other special rules. The field "Certificate of the right to carry out special work" is recommended to be completed for workers admitted to the performance of special work (work at height, work under voltage, work under induced voltage, the conduct of tests).
2.10. For workers admitted to work under voltage on live parts, when completing the column "name of work" in the field "Certificate of the right to carry out special work", the following table shall be used for guidance: [table - reproduced in the Russian original]
2.11. The certificate shall at all times be kept by the worker while they are performing their official duties and shall be produced at the request of supervising workers. The certificate shall be replaced in the event of a change of position.
3.1. The operational servicing of electrical installations shall be performed by workers of an electric power industry entity (an electricity consumer), from among the operational and operational-repair personnel, and also by workers from among the administrative and technical personnel in cases where the relevant rights of operational (operational-repair) personnel are granted, who have electrical safety group V for the operation of electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, and electrical safety group IV for the operation of electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V. The right of operational servicing is granted to administrative and technical personnel on the basis of an OAD of the organisation (separate subdivision). In the absence of special requirements in the Rules, the requirements for operational-repair personnel are the same as those for operational personnel.
3.2. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, workers from among the operational personnel who service electrical installations single-handedly, and the shift seniors, shall have an electrical safety group not lower than IV, and the other workers on the shift - a group not lower than III. In electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V, workers from among the operational personnel who service electrical installations single-handedly shall have an electrical safety group not lower than III.
3.3. During inspections of electrical installations and the movement of machinery and loads, the approach of people, hydraulic lifts, telescopic towers, excavators, tractors, forklift trucks, drilling-and-crane machines, mechanically driven extending ladders (hereinafter - mechanisms) and cyclic-action technical devices for lifting and moving loads, hydraulic lifts and telescopic towers (hereinafter - lifting appliances), as well as of the current-carrying part of the boom when using a lift (tower) with an insulating link, towards unguarded or non-insulated live parts that are under voltage at distances of less than those specified in Table No. 1 shall not be permitted.
3.4. A single-handed inspection of an electrical installation or of the electrotechnical part of process equipment may be carried out by a worker from among the operational personnel who has an electrical safety group not lower than III, who carries out the operational servicing of the given electrical installation and is on duty, or by a worker from among the administrative and technical personnel who has: electrical safety group V - for the operation of an electrical installation with a voltage above 1000 V; electrical safety group IV - for the operation of an electrical installation with a voltage up to 1000 V. The right of single-handed inspection is granted on the basis of an OAD of the organisation (separate subdivision). The inspection of overhead power lines (devices for transmitting electricity along wires located in the open air, attached by means of insulators and fittings to supports or to brackets and stands on engineering structures (bridges, overpasses) (hereinafter - OHL)) shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 7.15, 38.73, 38.74 and 38.75 of the Rules. The line portals or line inputs of an electrical installation that serves to receive and distribute electricity and that contains switching devices, busbars and connecting busbars, auxiliary devices (compressor, battery), and also secondary systems and communication devices (hereinafter - switchgear, SG) are taken as the beginning and end of an OHL, and for branches - the branch support and the line portal or line input of the switchgear.
3.5. Workers who do not service electrical installations may be admitted to electrical installations for inspection when accompanied by operational personnel who service the given electrical installation and who have electrical safety group IV - in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, and electrical safety group III - in electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V, or by a worker who has the right of single-handed inspection. The accompanying worker shall monitor the safety of the workers admitted to the electrical installations and shall warn them of the prohibition on approaching live parts.
3.6. During the inspection of electrical installations, the doors of switchboards, assemblies, control desks and other devices may be opened. During the inspection of electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, it shall not be permitted to enter rooms or chambers not fitted with guards or barriers preventing approach to live parts at distances of less than those specified in Table No. 1, provided for by paragraph 3.3 of the Rules (hereinafter - Table No. 1). It shall not be permitted to pass behind the guards and barriers of electrical installations. The performance of any work during the inspection shall not be permitted.
3.7. In the event of an earth fault in electrical installations with a voltage of 3-35 kV, approaching the point of the fault to a distance of less than 4 m in indoor switchgear (hereinafter - ISG) and less than 8 m in outdoor switchgear (hereinafter - OSG) and on an OHL is permitted only for operational switching for the purpose of eliminating the fault and releasing people who have come under voltage. In doing so, electrical protective equipment shall be used.
3.8. In the event of accidents, to release an injured person from the action of electric current, the voltage shall be disconnected immediately without the prior permission of the operational personnel.
3.9. The disconnection and connection of electrical apparatus intended for switching an electrical circuit and disconnecting the voltage from a part of an electrical installation (a circuit breaker, load switch, disconnector, isolator, automatic circuit breaker, knife switch, package switch, fuse) (hereinafter - switching devices) and of earthing switches (earthing isolators, earthing blades) with a voltage above 1000 V and a manual drive shall be performed while wearing dielectric gloves and using means of protecting the face from the effects of the electric arc.
3.10. Fuses shall be removed and installed with the voltage disconnected. Fuses that are under voltage but without load may be removed and installed. Under voltage and under load, the following may be removed and installed: fuses in secondary systems, including work in the drives and unit cabinets of switching devices and in communication devices; voltage transformer fuses; plug-type fuses.
3.11. When removing and installing fuses under voltage, the following shall be used: in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V - insulating tongs (a rod) together with dielectric gloves and means of protecting the face and eyes from mechanical impacts and from the thermal risks of the electric arc; in electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V - insulating tongs, dielectric gloves and means of protecting the face and eyes from mechanical impacts and from the thermal risks of the electric arc.
3.12. The doors of the rooms (wickets, gates) of the OSG, of the common substation control point (hereinafter - CSCP), of the SG rooms, of electrical installations, of chambers, of switchboards and assemblies, and of the cabinets of packaged transformer substations (hereinafter - PTS), except for those in which work is being carried out, shall be locked.
3.13. The procedure for the storage, recording, issue and return of the keys (including electronic keys) to electrical installations (hereinafter - the keys), as well as the number of sets of keys, is determined by an order of the head of the organisation (separate subdivision). The keys to electrical installations shall be kept on record by the operational personnel. In electrical installations that do not have local operational personnel, the keys may be kept on record by the administrative and technical personnel. The keys to electrical installations shall be numbered and kept in a lockable box. One set shall be a spare. The issue and return of the keys shall be recorded in a register of free form providing for the date and time of issue and return of the keys, the number or name of the key, the name of the room, the signature of the worker who issued the key, and also the signature of the worker who received the key. The keys to electrical installations shall be issued: to workers who have the right of single-handed inspection, including the operational personnel - for the rooms, input devices, switchboards and distribution boards in which the inspection is to be carried out; to the person granting admission from among the operational personnel, to the responsible person in charge of the work, to the performing authority and to the observer, upon admission to work under a permit to work or an order - for the rooms, input devices, switchboards and distribution boards in which the admission is to be carried out or the work is to be performed; to the operational or operational-repair personnel, for work performed in the course of routine operation - for the rooms, input devices, switchboards and distribution boards in which the work is to be performed. The keys to electrical installations the operational servicing of which is carried out round the clock by operational personnel shall be handed over between shifts, with a record being made in the operational log. The head of the organisation (separate subdivision) shall ensure the arrangement of the storage, recording, issue and return of the keys to electrical installations.
4.1. Work in electrical installations in service shall be carried out: under a task for the performance of work that defines the content and place of the work, the time of its commencement and completion, the conditions for its safe performance, the composition of the work team (a group of two or more persons, including the performing authority) and of the workers responsible for the safe performance of the work (hereinafter - the permit to work), the recommended template for which is set out in Appendix No. 7 to the Rules; under an order; on the basis of a list of work performed in the course of routine operation.
4.2. The unauthorised performance of work in electrical installations in service, as well as the expansion of the workplaces and of the scope of the task defined by the permit to work, the order or the list of work performed in the course of routine operation approved by the employer, shall not be permitted.
4.3. The performance of work at the work site under another permit to work shall be agreed with the worker who issued the first permit. Instructions on the agreement of the work may be transmitted by telephone, by radio or by messenger to the person granting admission or to the responsible person in charge of the work, or to the performing authority, who certifies the agreement with their signature in the permit to work and indicates the surname and initials of the worker who gave the instruction on the agreement. The agreement is formalised, before the start of the preparation of the workplace under the second permit, by the entry "Agreed" on the front side of the second permit to work, placed in the lower left field of the document, with the signatures of the workers agreeing the document.
4.4. The major repair of electrical equipment with a voltage above 1000 V, work on live parts without disconnecting the voltage in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, and also the repair of OHL irrespective of voltage shall be carried out in accordance with process charts or a work execution plan (hereinafter - WEP) approved by the head of the organisation (separate subdivision) or by the technical manager of the electric power industry entity. Work on lines under induced voltage (OHL, KVL, VLS, overhead sections of KVL that run, along their entire length or on separate sections, close to OHL in service or to the contact network of an alternating-current electrified railway, on the disconnected wires (cables) of which, when the line is earthed at its ends (in the SG), a voltage of more than 25 V is retained on separate sections thereof at the maximum working current of the influencing OHL (when recalculated to the maximum working current of the influencing OHL)) is carried out in accordance with process charts or a WEP approved by the head of the organisation (separate subdivision) or by the technical manager of the electric power industry entity.
4.5. In electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V, when working under voltage, it is necessary to: disconnect the voltage from other live parts under voltage located near the workplace which may be accidentally touched, or to fence them off; work wearing dielectric galoshes or while standing on an insulating stand or on a rubber dielectric mat; use an insulated or insulating tool intended for work under voltage on live parts, and use dielectric gloves. When performing work under voltage on an OHL up to 1000 V by the contact method or the insulation method, it is necessary to use a set of personal protective equipment: dielectric gloves, cotton gloves, protective leather gloves. It shall not be permitted to work in clothing with short or rolled-up sleeves, or to use hacksaws, files, metal rulers and other metal tools and fixtures not intended for the performance of work under voltage.
4.6. When performing work in electrical installations, the approach of people, mechanisms and lifting appliances, as well as of the current-carrying part of the boom when using a lift (tower) with an insulating link, towards unguarded or non-insulated live parts that are under voltage at distances of less than those specified in Table No. 1 shall not be permitted, except in cases of performing work under voltage. When working on the live parts of electrical installations with a voltage up to and above 1000 V, the approach of the cradle of lifting appliances with an insulating link towards unguarded or non-insulated live parts that are under voltage at distances of less than those specified in Table No. 1 is permitted.
4.7. In electrical installations, it shall not be permitted to work in a bent position if, on straightening up, the distance to the live parts would be less than the distance specified in Table No. 1. When working near unguarded live parts, it shall not be permitted to position oneself in such a way that these parts are behind the worker or on both sides of them.
4.8. Work in electrical installations shall be performed using electrical protective equipment intended for the performance of the specific method of work and for the voltage class of the electrical installation. It shall be prohibited to touch, without the use of electrical protective equipment, the insulators or the insulating parts of equipment that is under voltage.
4.9. In the crossing spans in the OSG and on OHL, when replacing wires (cables) and the insulators and fittings relating to them that are located below wires under voltage, ropes made of vegetable or synthetic fibres shall be thrown over the wires (cables) being replaced, to prevent the wires located above from being flicked up. The ropes shall be thrown over in two places - on both sides of the crossing point, with their ends secured to anchors or structures. The raising of the wire (cable) shall be carried out slowly and smoothly.
4.10. Work in the OSG on wires (cables) and on the insulators and fittings relating to them that are located above wires and cables under voltage shall be carried out in accordance with a WEP approved by the head of the organisation (separate subdivision) or by the technical manager of the electric power industry entity. The WEP shall provide for measures to prevent the lowering of the wires (cables) and to protect against induced voltage. During this work, the replacement of wires (cables) without disconnecting the voltage from the crossed wires shall not be permitted.
4.11. Work in unlit areas shall not be permitted. The illumination of work areas, workplaces, passageways and approaches to them shall be uniform.
4.12. On the approach of a thunderstorm, work shall be stopped on overhead lines (VL), overhead communication lines (VLS), open switchgear (ORU), on the inputs and switching devices of indoor switchgear (ZRU) directly connected to overhead lines, on lines for the transmission of electrical energy or of individual pulses thereof, consisting of one or several parallel cables with connecting, stop and end sleeves (terminations) and fastening parts, and, for oil-filled cable lines, additionally with feeding devices and an oil-pressure signalling system (hereinafter KL), connected to sections of overhead lines, and also on the inputs of overhead communication lines in the premises of communication nodes and antenna-mast structures.
4.13. Workers working in premises with electrical equipment (with the exception of control panels, relay rooms and similar), in indoor switchgear (ZRU) and open switchgear (ORU), in underground structures, wells, tunnels, trenches and excavation pits, and also those taking part in the maintenance and repair of overhead lines (VL), shall use protective helmets.
4.14. On overhead lines (VL), regardless of the voltage class, workers may move along conductors with a cross-section of not less than 240 sq. mm and along cables with a cross-section of not less than 70 sq. mm, provided that the conductors and cables are in normal technical condition and have no damage caused by vibration or corrosion. When moving along split conductors and cables, a restraint system for ensuring the safety of work at height is used; in this case the lanyard of the fall-arrest harness shall be attached to them, and, where a special trolley is used, to the trolley.
4.15. The maintenance of lighting devices located on the ceiling of machine halls and workshops, from the trolley of an overhead crane, shall be carried out under a permit to work by not less than two workers, one of whom shall have an electrical safety group not lower than III and shall be near the person working and monitor his observance of the necessary safety measures. The construction of temporary scaffolding or ladders on the trolley of the overhead crane shall not be permitted. Work shall be carried out directly from the deck of the trolley or from stationary scaffolding installed on the deck. The voltage shall be removed from the trolley wires supplying the mechanisms of the load trolley of the overhead crane before climbing onto the trolley of the overhead crane. During the work, the requirements of the regulatory legal acts containing labour protection requirements for work at height shall be observed. The crane operator shall move the bridge or trolley of the overhead crane only on the command of the performing authority. When the overhead crane is moving, workers shall be positioned in the cabin of the overhead crane or on the deck of the bridge. When workers are on the trolley of the overhead crane, movement of the bridge and trolley shall be prohibited.
4.16. When carrying out earthworks, the requirements of the building norms and rules <1> shall be observed. ——————————-- <1> Resolution of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Construction and the Housing and Utilities Sector of 17 September 2002 No. 123 "On the adoption of the building norms and rules of the Russian Federation "Labour safety in construction. Part 2. Construction operations. SNiP 12-04-2002"" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on 18 October 2002, registration No. 3880).
4.17. On overhead lines (VL) and overhead communication lines (VLS), before connecting or breaking electrically connected sections (conductors, cables), the potentials of these sections shall be equalised. The equalisation of the potentials of sections of overhead lines and overhead communication lines is carried out by connecting these sections with a conductor or by installing earthing on both sides of the break (the intended break) with connection to a single earth electrode (earthing device).
5.1. The organisational actions ensuring the safety of work in electrical installations are: the documentation of work by a permit to work, an instruction, or a list of work performed in the course of routine operation; the issuance of permission to prepare the workplace and for admission to work, taking into account the requirements of paragraph 5.14 of the Rules; admission to work; supervision during the work; the documentation of an interruption in the work, transfer to another location, and completion of the work.
5.2. The workers responsible for the safe conduct of work in electrical installations are: the issuing authority, the person giving the instruction, and the person approving the list of work performed in the course of routine operation; the person issuing permission to prepare the workplace and for admission, taking into account the requirements of paragraph 5.14 of the Rules; the responsible person in charge of the work; the person granting admission; the performing authority; the observer; the members of the work team.
5.3. The worker who issues the permit to work or gives the instruction determines the necessity and the possibility of the safe performance of the work. He is responsible for the sufficiency and correctness of the safety measures specified in the permit to work (instruction); for the qualitative and quantitative composition of the work team and the appointment of persons responsible for the safe performance of the work; for the correspondence of the electrical safety groups of the workers specified in the permit to work to the work being performed; for the conduct of the targeted briefing for the responsible person in charge of the work (the performing authority, the observer).
5.4. The right to issue permits to work and instructions is granted to workers from among the administrative and technical personnel who have electrical safety group V (when operating electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V) or an electrical safety group not lower than IV (when operating electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V). In the event that there are no workers who have the right to issue permits to work and instructions, when carrying out work to prevent accidents or to eliminate their consequences, permits to work and instructions may be issued by workers from among the operational personnel who have electrical safety group IV and who are located directly on the territory of an electric power facility or the power-receiving installation of an electricity consumer. The granting to operational personnel of the right to issue permits to work and instructions shall be documented by an organisational and administrative document (ORD) of the organisation (separate subdivision).
5.5. The worker who issues the permission to prepare the workplaces and for admission is responsible for: for the issuance of commands for the disconnection and earthing of power transmission lines (hereinafter LEP) and equipment under his technological control, and for obtaining confirmation of their execution, and also for independent actions for the disconnection and earthing of the LEP and equipment under his technological control; for the correspondence and sufficiency of the measures for the disconnection and earthing of equipment provided for by the permit to work (instruction), taking into account the actual layout of the electrical installations; for the coordination of the time and place of the work of the admitted work teams, including the accounting of the work teams; for obtaining information from the persons granting admission on the full completion of the work of all work teams admitted to work in the electrical installation and on the possibility of putting the electrical installation into operation. In the event that the worker issuing the permission to prepare the workplaces and for admission is not the person under whose technological control the LEP and equipment are, that worker is responsible for obtaining confirmation of the technical actions performed for the disconnection and earthing of the LEP and equipment from the dispatcher personnel or operational personnel under whose respective dispatching or technological control the LEP and equipment are.
5.6. The right to issue permission to prepare the workplaces and for admission is granted to operational personnel who have an electrical safety group not lower than IV and are authorised to do so by an ORD of the organisation (separate subdivision). The right to issue permission to prepare the workplaces and for admission may be granted to workers from among the administrative and technical personnel who have an electrical safety group not lower than IV and are authorised to do so by an ORD of the organisation (separate subdivision).
5.7. The responsible person in charge of the work is responsible for the performance of the actions for the preparation of the workplace specified in the permit to work and for their sufficiency, for the additional safety measures taken by him that are necessary under the conditions of performance of the work, for the completeness and quality of the targeted briefing of the work team, including that conducted by the person granting admission and the performing authority, and also for the organisation of the safe conduct of the work. Workers from among the administrative and technical personnel who have electrical safety group V are appointed as responsible persons in charge of the work in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, and those who have electrical safety group IV - in electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V. In those cases where individual items of work (stages of work) must be performed under the supervision and control of the responsible person in charge of the work, the issuing authority shall make a record of this in the "Special instructions" line of the permit to work, the recommended form of which is provided in Appendix No. 7 to the Rules. The issuing authority has the right not to appoint a responsible person in charge of the work when performing work in switchgear (RU) with a voltage above 1000 V with a single sectionalised or non-sectionalised busbar system that has no bypass busbar system, and also on overhead lines (VL), combined overhead-cable lines (KVL) and cable lines (KL), and in all electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V (hereinafter electrical installations with a simple and clear layout). A responsible person in charge of the work shall be appointed when performing the following work: with the use of mechanisms and lifting structures; in open switchgear (ORU)/indoor switchgear (ZRU) with disconnection of electrical equipment, with the exception of work in electrical installations where the voltage has been removed from all live parts (paragraph 6.8 of the Rules); on cable lines and cable communication lines (hereinafter KLS) in areas where utilities are located and where there is heavy traffic; for the installation and dismantling of supports of all types and the replacement of elements of overhead line supports; at places where overhead lines cross other overhead lines and transport routes, in the crossing spans of conductors in open switchgear; for the connection of a newly constructed overhead line; for changing the connection arrangements of the conductors and cables of overhead lines; on a disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line when one or all of the other circuits remain under voltage; when two or more work teams work simultaneously in an electrical installation; for the phase-by-phase repair of overhead lines; under induced voltage; without removal of the voltage on live parts, with insulation of the person from earth; without removal of the voltage, with temporary insulation of live parts for the duration of the work, without insulation of the person from earth and with the use of special tools and devices for work under voltage, with the exception of work in secondary systems, electricity metering devices, dispatching and technological control facilities, automated dispatching control systems and on insulated overhead lines (VLI) 0.38 kV; on the equipment and installations of communication facilities and dispatching and technological control facilities (hereinafter SDTU), for the construction of mast crossings, the testing of cable communication lines, during work with the apparatus of unattended amplification points (hereinafter NUP) or unattended regeneration points (hereinafter NRP), on connection filters without switching on the earthing blade of the coupling capacitor. The need to appoint a responsible person in charge of the work is determined by the issuing authority, who is also permitted to appoint a responsible person in charge of the work for other work in electrical installations in addition to those listed above.
5.8. A worker from among the electrotechnical personnel who prepares the workplaces and/or assesses the sufficiency of the measures taken for their preparation, who briefs the members of the work team and grants admission to work (hereinafter the person granting admission), is responsible for the correctness and sufficiency of the safety measures taken by him for the preparation of the workplaces and their correspondence to the actions specified in the permit to work or instruction and to the nature and place of the work, for the correct admission to work, and also for the completeness and quality of the targeted briefing conducted by him. Persons granting admission shall be appointed from among the operational personnel, with the exception of admission on overhead lines (VL), cable lines (KL) and combined overhead-cable lines (KVL) subject to compliance with the conditions listed in paragraph 5.13 of the Rules. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, the person granting admission shall have electrical safety group IV, and in electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V - electrical safety group III.
5.9. The performing authority is appointed from among the electrotechnical personnel and is responsible: for the correspondence of the prepared workplace to the actions necessary for the preparation of workplaces and to the special instructions of the permit to work; for the clarity and completeness of the targeted briefing of the members of the work team; for the availability, serviceability and correct use of the necessary protective equipment, tools, inventory and devices; for the preservation at the workplace of barriers and posters (safety signs) intended to warn a person of possible danger, of the prohibition or prescription of certain actions, and also to provide information on the location of objects the use of which is associated with the elimination or reduction of the consequences of the effect of hazardous and/or harmful production factors (hereinafter posters, safety signs), earthing, and locking devices; for the safe conduct of the work and compliance with the Rules by himself and the members of the work team; for the exercise of constant monitoring of the members of the work team. The performing authority for work carried out under a permit to work in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V shall have electrical safety group IV, and in electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V - electrical safety group III. When performing work in underground structures where the appearance of harmful gases is possible, work under voltage, or work on the re-tensioning and replacement of conductors on overhead lines (VL) with a voltage up to 1000 V suspended on the supports of overhead lines with a voltage above 1000 V, the performing authority shall have electrical safety group IV. The performing authority for work carried out under an instruction shall have electrical safety group III when working in all electrical installations, except for the cases specified in paragraphs 7.7, 25.5, 39.21 of the Rules.
5.10. A worker from among the electrotechnical personnel who carries out supervision of work teams that do not have the right to perform work in electrical installations independently (hereinafter the observer) is responsible: for the correspondence of the prepared workplace to the actions specified in the permit to work; for the clarity and completeness of the targeted briefing of the members of the work team; for the presence and preservation of the earthing, barriers, posters and safety signs, and drive locking devices installed at the workplace; for the safety of the members of the work team with regard to electric shock from the electrical installation. A worker who has an electrical safety group not lower than III (in the case specified in paragraph 7.7 of the Rules - electrical safety group IV) is appointed as the observer. The worker heading the work team, who is a member of it and shall be constantly present at the workplace, is responsible for the safety related to the technology of the work. His surname is indicated in the "Special instructions" line of the permit to work.
5.11. A member of the work team is responsible for compliance with the requirements of these Rules, the labour protection instructions and the instructive directions received during admission to work and during the work.
5.12. The granting of rights to workers who issue a permit to work or an instruction, who issue permission to prepare the workplace and for admission (taking into account the requirements of paragraph 5.14 of the Rules), to the person granting admission, the responsible person in charge of the work, the performing authority and the observer, and also the right to carry out a single-person inspection of electrical installations, shall be documented by an ORD of the organisation (separate subdivision).
5.13. Workers responsible for the safe conduct of work are permitted to perform one of the additional duties in accordance with Table No. 2. It is lawful for a worker to perform the duties of the person granting admission and of the person issuing permission to prepare the workplace and for admission, provided that the person granting admission has the rights of operational control over the equipment that must be disconnected and earthed in accordance with the safety measures for the performance of the work, and the rights to conduct operational communications with the workers performing the necessary disconnections and earthing of equipment at facilities not under the operational control of the person granting admission. A person granting admission from among the operational personnel has the right to perform the duties of a member of the work team. On overhead lines (VL) (a line section of a combined overhead-cable line (KVL)) of all voltage levels, it is lawful for the responsible person in charge of the work or the performing authority from among the repair personnel to perform the duties of the person granting admission in those cases where, for the preparation of the workplace, it is required to check the absence of voltage and to install portable earthing at the place of work without operating switching devices. On cable lines (KL) (cable sections of a combined overhead-cable line (KVL)) of all voltage levels, it is lawful for the responsible person in charge of the work or the performing authority from among the repair personnel to perform the duties of the person granting admission in those cases where, for the preparation of the workplace, it is required to fence off the workplace and to put up warning and prescriptive posters, while the operations for the disconnection and earthing of equipment and for the putting up of prohibitory and indicatory posters have been performed by the operational personnel servicing the switchgear (RU) to which the cable line (cable section of the KVL) is connected. When performing work under voltage, the preparation of the workplace and the admission of the work team is performed by the responsible person in charge of the work or the performing authority who is admitted to the performance of work under voltage.
5.14. The requirements for the appointment of a person responsible for issuing permission to prepare the workplaces and for admission, and for the issuance of such permission, do not apply to the performance of work in the electrical installations of consumers of electrical energy, except for work on overhead lines (VL), cable lines (KL) and combined overhead-cable lines (KVL) that requires coordination on the part of the personnel of another organisation when their operational state is changed.
5.15. The number of members of the work team and its composition, taking into account the electrical safety qualification of the members of the work team, shall be determined on the basis of the conditions of performance of the work and also of the possibility of ensuring supervision of the members of the work team on the part of the performing authority or the observer. A member of the work team led by the performing authority, when performing work, shall have electrical safety group III, except for the performance of work on overhead lines (VL) in accordance with paragraph 38.23 of the Rules, which shall be performed by a member of the work team who has electrical safety group IV. For each member of the work team who has an electrical safety group not lower than III, one worker who has electrical safety group II may be included in the composition of the work team, but the total number of members of the work team who have electrical safety group II shall not exceed three.
5.16. Operational personnel who are on duty may, with the permission of a worker from among the higher operational personnel, be involved in work in the work team, with a record in the operational log and with the documentation of an instruction or a permit to work in the log of accounting of work under permits to work and instructions.
6.1. The permit to work is drawn up in two copies and is handed to the performing authority (or the observer) and the person granting admission. When transmitted by telephone, radio, facsimile letter or electronic document, the permit to work is drawn up in three copies (except in the case where the performing authority is appointed at the same time as the person granting admission). In this case, the issuing authority draws up one copy, transmits it by means of telephone, radio, facsimile letter or electronic document and keeps it, while the worker receiving the text in the form of a telephone message or radio message, facsimile or electronic letter prints out and/or fills in two copies of the permit to work and, after confirmation by the issuing authority of the correctness of its execution, enters, in place of the signature of the issuing authority, the surname and initials of the latter, confirming the correctness of the execution of the permit to work with his own signature, and indicates the method of transmission of the permit to work (by telephone, radio, facsimile letter or electronic document). The number of copies of permits to work handed over or transmitted by telephone, radio, facsimile or electronic document to the appointed persons responsible for the safe conduct of the work is determined by the issuing authority depending on the composition of the appointed responsible persons (depending on local conditions, one copy of the permit to work may be transmitted to a worker from among the operational personnel who issues permission to prepare the workplace and for admission).
6.2. The number of permits to work issued for one responsible person in charge of the work is determined by the issuing authority. The issuing authority may issue to the person granting admission and the performing authority, or to the person granting admission and the observer, several permits to work and instructions at once for admission and work under them in turn. When several types of work for which a permit to work is required are carried out jointly, a single permit to work may be drawn up, including in it the requirements for the safe performance of each of the types of work.
6.3. A permit to work may be issued for a period of not more than 15 calendar days from the day the work begins. A permit to work may be extended once for a period of not more than 15 calendar days. During interruptions in the work, the permit to work remains valid. When performing work under voltage on the live parts of electrical installations, the permit to work is issued for a period of not more than 1 calendar day (work shift). If it is necessary to perform work under voltage on subsequent days (work shift), a new permit to work is drawn up.
6.4. The worker who issued the permit to work, or another worker who has the right to issue a permit to work for work in the given electrical installation, may extend the permit to work. Permission to extend the permit to work is transmitted by telephone, radio or by messenger to the person granting admission, the responsible person in charge of the work, and the performing authority. In this case, the person granting admission, the responsible person in charge of the work, or the performing authority indicates in the permit, under his own signature, the surname and initials of the worker who extended the permit to work.
6.5. Permits to work for which the work has been fully completed shall be kept for 1 year, after which they may be destroyed. If, during the performance of work under permits to work, accidents, incidents or casualties have occurred, these permits to work shall be kept in the archive of the organisation together with the investigation materials. The permit to work is recorded in the accounting log upon the admission of the work team to the workplace by the operational personnel within whose zone of responsibility for operational and technological control this workplace falls. The records on the closure of the permit to work, the storage of the permit to work and its disposal are also assigned to that operational personnel.
6.6. The accounting of work under permits to work and instructions is kept in the log of accounting of work under permits to work and instructions, the recommended form of which is provided in Appendix No. 8 to the Rules. The issuance and filling in of the permit to work and the keeping of the log of accounting of work under permits to work and instructions may be done in electronic form using automated systems and an electronic signature in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. The accounting of work under permits to work and instructions may be kept in another manner established by the head of the organisation, while retaining the composition of the information contained in the log of accounting of work under permits to work and instructions. Regardless of the procedure for accounting of work under permits to work and instructions adopted in the organisation, the fact of admission to work shall be registered by an entry in an operational document in which events and actions to change the operational state of the equipment of electrical installations, the commands, instructions and permissions issued (received), the performance of work under permits, under instructions and in the course of routine operation, and the acceptance and handing over of a shift (duty) are documented in chronological order (hereinafter the operational log). When performing work under a permit to work, a record of the initial and daily admissions to work is made in the operational log. When work is carried out under permits to work, only the initial admission to the work is documented in the log, and the number of the permit to work, the place and name of the work, and the date and time of the beginning and full completion of the work are indicated. When work is carried out under an instruction, the number of the permit to work is not indicated. When work is carried out under an instruction, the conduct of the targeted briefings is registered by the signatures of the workers who conducted the targeted briefings and of the workers who received them. If the briefing is conducted using means of communication, the conduct and receipt of the briefing is recorded in two logs of accounting of work under permits to work and instructions - in the log of the worker who gave the instruction and in the log of the workers who received the briefing, with confirming signatures in both logs. The storage period of the log is one month from the day of registration of the full completion of the work under the last permit to work or instruction registered in the log.
6.7. A permit to work may be issued for one or several workplaces of an electrical circuit (equipment and busbars) of the same purpose, name and voltage, connected to the busbars of a switchgear (RU), a generator, a panel or an assembly and located within a power station or substation (hereinafter the connection), taking into account the requirements specified in paragraphs 6.8, 6.9, 6.11, 6.12, 6.14 of the Rules. When performing work at several workplaces, the performing authority shall organise the work of the work team in such a way as to maintain constant monitoring of the members of the work team. Electrical circuits of different voltage of one power transformer (regardless of the number of windings) or of one two-speed electric motor are considered one connection. In polygon schemes and one-and-a-half schemes, the connection of a line or transformer includes all switching devices and busbars by means of which this line or transformer is connected to the switchgear (RU).
6.8. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, where the voltage has been removed from all live parts, including from the inputs of overhead lines (VL) and cable lines (KL), and entry to adjacent electrical installations is locked (assemblies and panels up to 1000 V may remain under voltage), one permit to work may be issued for simultaneous work on the busbars and all connections. In electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V, when the voltage is fully removed from all live parts, one permit to work may be issued for the performance of work on the busbars of the switchgear (RU), the distribution panels and assemblies, and also on all connections of these installations simultaneously.
6.9. When taking units (boilers, turbines, generators) and individual process installations (ash removal systems, network heaters, crushing systems) out for repair, one permit to work may be issued for work on all (or part) of the electric motors of these units (installations) and one permit to work for work in the switchgear (RU) on all (or part) of the connections supplying the electric motors of these units (installations). One permit to work may be issued only for work on electric motors of the same voltage and connections of one switchgear.
6.10. When working under a single permit to work on electric motors and their connections in a switchgear (RU) equipped with cells of metal-enclosed switchgear (hereinafter KRU), the documentation of transfer from one workplace to another is not required, and the dispersal of the members of the work team among different workplaces is permitted. In a switchgear of another design, admission and work on the connections of electric motors shall be carried out with the documentation of transfer from one workplace to another.
6.11. In a switchgear (RU) with a voltage of 3 - 110 kV with a single busbar system and any number of sections, when one of the sections with its connections is taken out for repair in full, one permit to work may be issued for work on the busbars and on all (or part) of the connections of this section. The dispersal of the members of the work team among different workplaces within this section is permitted.
6.12. One permit to work for the simultaneous or successive performance of work at different workplaces of one electrical installation may be issued in the following cases: during the laying and relaying of power and control cables, the testing of electrical equipment, the checking of devices for protection, measurement, interlocking, electrical automation, telemechanics and communication; during the repair of the switching devices of one connection, including when their drives are located in another room; during the repair of a single cable in a tunnel, collector, well, trench or excavation pit; during the repair of cables (not more than two) carried out in two excavation pits, or in a switchgear (RU) and an excavation pit located next to it, when the arrangement of the workplaces allows the performing authority to carry out supervision of the work team. In this case, the dispersal of the members of the work team among different workplaces is permitted. Documentation in the permit to work of transfer from one workplace to another is not required.
6.13. When carrying out work in accordance with paragraphs 6.8, 6.9, 6.11, 6.12 of the Rules, the workplaces shall be prepared before the admission of the work team to the first workplace. Preparation for switching on any of the connections, including the trial running of electric motors, shall not be permitted until the full completion of the work under the permit. In the case of dispersal of the members of the work team among different workplaces, one or several members of the work team who have group III may be present separately from the performing authority. The members of the work team who are to be located separately from the performing authority shall be brought to the workplaces by the latter and briefed on the safety measures that must be observed when performing the work.
6.14. One permit to work may be issued for the successive performance of the same type of work on several electrical installations intended for the conversion and distribution of electrical energy (hereinafter substations) or on several connections of one substation. Such work includes: the wiping of insulators; the tightening of contact connections, the taking of samples and the topping up of oil; the switching of the taps of transformer windings; the checking of relay protection devices, electrical automation and measuring instruments; testing with increased voltage from an external source; the checking of insulators with a measuring rod; the location of the point of damage of a cable line (KL). The period of validity of such a permit is 1 day. Admission to each substation and to each connection is documented in the corresponding column of the permit to work. Each of the substations may be put into operation only after the full completion of the work on it.
6.15. Work on sections of a VL located within the territory of a RU shall be carried out under permits to work issued by the personnel servicing the VL. When working on a terminal support, the local operational personnel shall instruct the work team and lead it to that support. In electrical installations that have no local operational personnel, the performing authority of the line team may obtain the key to the RU and proceed to the support independently. When working on the portals of an ORU, on the buildings of a ZRU, or on the roofs of outdoor packaged switchgear units (hereinafter - KRUN), the admission of the line team, with the necessary entry in the permit to work, shall be carried out by the person admitting the team to work from among the operational personnel servicing the RU. The performing authority, together with the line team, has the right to leave the RU independently, while individual members of the work team - in accordance with the procedure provided for by paragraph 11.3 of the Rules.
6.16. Work on the terminal couplings and terminations of a KL located in a RU shall be carried out under permits to work issued by the personnel servicing the RU. If the RU and the KL belong to different organisations, this work is carried out in accordance with the requirements set out in Chapter XLVI of the Rules. Admission to work on the KL in these cases is carried out by the personnel servicing the RU. Work on KL running through the territory and in the cable structures of a RU shall be carried out under permits to work issued by the personnel servicing the KL. Admission to work is carried out by the personnel servicing the KL after obtaining permission from the operational personnel servicing the RU. The permission is issued before the start of preparation of the workplace under the permit to work by an entry "I permit" on the front side of the permit to work, with the signature of a worker from among the operational personnel servicing the RU.
6.17. Work on communication devices located in a RU is carried out under permits to work issued by the personnel servicing the SDTU. Such permits to work may be issued by the personnel servicing the RU. An exception is work on communication capacitors and high-frequency line traps, which shall be carried out only under permits to work issued by the workers servicing the RU. The preparation of workplaces and admission to work on the SDTU devices located in a RU is carried out by the personnel servicing the RU.
6.18. A separate permit to work is issued for each VL, and for a multi-circuit VL also for each circuit. One permit to work may be issued for several VL (circuits) in the following cases: for work when the voltage has been removed from all circuits of a multi-circuit VL, or for live work when the voltage is not removed from any circuit of a multi-circuit VL; for work on VL at their points of intersection; for work on VL with a voltage up to 1000 V carried out in turn, if the transformer points or packaged transformer points from which they are supplied are switched off; for work of the same type on the non-current-carrying parts of several VL that does not require their disconnection.
6.19. The permit to work shall indicate whether the VL under repair is under induced voltage, as well as the VL intersecting the line under repair that are required to be disconnected and earthed (with the installation of earthing in accordance with Chapter XXII of the Rules). The same indication shall be entered in the permit to work with respect to VL running close to the one under repair, if their disconnection is required by the working conditions. In this case, the earthing of the VL intersecting the one under repair or running close to it shall be carried out before admission to work. It shall not be permitted to remove the earthing from them until the work is fully completed. If the VL belong to other organisations, their disconnection shall be confirmed by the operational personnel of the VL owner.
6.20. In the case of phase-by-phase repair, a permit to work is issued for work only within a section of one transposition step. On disconnected VL, dispersal of the work team over a section not more than 2 km in length may be permitted, with the exception of work on the installation and dismantling of wires (cables) within an anchor span of greater length. In this case, the issuing authority has the right to determine the length of the work section of one work team. When carrying out work on VL performed on current-carrying parts under voltage, the work team shall be located on one support (in one intermediate span) or on two adjacent supports. When carrying out work without removal of voltage on VLI 0.38 kV for the installation of an additional wire bundle (joint suspension) or for its re-tensioning, dispersal of the work team within one anchor span is permitted.
6.21. When carrying out work under one permit to work at different sections or supports of a VL, the transfer of the work team from one workplace to another is not recorded in the permit to work.
6.22. Entries in the permit to work for work in electrical installations shall be legible. Filling in the permit to work in pencil and correcting the text shall not be permitted. The system of numbering permits to work is established by the employer.
6.23. When indicating dates in the permit to work, the day, the month and the last two digits denoting the year, or the year in full, are written. In addition to the surnames of the workers indicated in the permit to work, their initials and electrical safety group are indicated. The electrical safety group may be indicated once for each worker specified in the permit to work.
6.24. In the permit to work, the dispatch names (designations) of electrical installations, connections and equipment are indicated, and, where necessary, additionally their location. In the event of a shortage of lines in the tables of the main form of the permit to work, an additional form under the same number may be attached to it, indicating the surname and initials of the worker issuing the permit to work, for the continuation of entries. In this case, in the last lines of the corresponding table of the main form, it is recommended to indicate: "See additional form". The additional form shall be signed by the worker who issued the permit to work.
6.25. When filling in the front side of the permit to work, in the line "Subdivision" it is recommended to indicate the structural subdivision (workshop, service, district, section) of the organisation in whose electrical installations the work is to be performed. In cases where a responsible person in charge of the work is not appointed, in the line "To the responsible person in charge of the work" it is recommended to make the entry "not appointed". In the line "to the person admitting to work" it is recommended to indicate the surname of the person admitting to work, appointed from among the operational personnel, or of the performing authority (responsible person in charge) of the work from among the repair personnel who combines the duties of the person admitting to work. When work is performed in electrical installations where the person admitting to work is a worker from among the operational personnel on duty, it is recommended to write in the line "to the operational personnel" without indicating the surname. In the line "with the members of the work team" it is recommended to list the members of the work team performing the work in the electrical installation. When work is performed using motor vehicles, mechanisms and self-propelled cranes, it is recommended to indicate which of the members of the work team is the driver, the crane operator or the slinger, as well as the type of mechanism or self-propelled crane on which he works. In the lines "assigned" it is recommended: for electrical installations of RU and KL, to indicate the name of the electrical installation and its connections in which the work is to be performed, and the content of the work; for VL, to indicate the name of the line and the boundary of the section where the work is to be performed (the numbers of the supports on which or between which, including them, the work will be carried out, and individual spans), as well as the content of the work. For a multi-circuit VL, the name of the circuit is also indicated, and in the case of phase-by-phase repair, also the location of the phase on the support.
6.26. In the table "Actions for the preparation of workplaces" it is recommended to indicate: when working in electrical installations of RU and on KL: in column 1 - the name of the electrical installations in which it is necessary to carry out operations with switching devices and to install earthing; in column 2 - the names (designations) of the switching devices, connections and equipment with which operations are carried out, and the places where earthing shall be installed. Disconnections in secondary systems and communication devices need not be indicated in this table; when carrying out work on VL: in column 1 - the names of the lines, circuits and wires recorded in the line "assigned" of the permit to work, as well as the names of other VL or circuits subject to disconnection and earthing in connection with the performance of work on the VL or circuit under repair (for example, VL intersecting the line under repair or running close to it, other circuits of a multi-circuit VL, and the like); in column 2 - for VL disconnected and earthed by the person admitting to work from among the operational personnel - the name of the switching devices in the RU and on the VL itself with which operations are carried out, and the numbers of the supports on which earthing shall be installed. In the same column, the numbers of the supports or spans where the performing authority shall install earthing on the wires and cables at the workplace in accordance with paragraphs 22.2, 22.6, 22.8, 22.10, 22.12 of the Rules are indicated. If the places for the installation of earthing cannot be determined at the time of issuing the permit to work, or the work will be carried out with rearrangement of the earthing, it is recommended to indicate in the column "Earth at the workplaces"; in column 2 - the places where the performing authority shall install earthing on VL intersecting the one under repair or running close to it. If these VL are operated by another organisation (service), the line "Special instructions" of the permit to work shall indicate the need to check the earthing installed by the personnel of that organisation (service).
6.27. The table "Actions for the preparation of workplaces" includes operations with switching devices that are needed for the preparation of the workplace itself. Switching operations performed in the process of preparing the workplace that involve a change of circuits (for example, the transfer of connections from one busbar system to another, the transfer of the supply of a network section from one power source to another) are not recorded in the table. For work that does not require preparation of the workplace, it is recommended to make the entry "Not required" in the columns of the table. In the column "What shall be insulated (fenced off)" of the table "Actions for the preparation of workplaces for the performance of work", information is entered about the electrical installations that shall be insulated or fenced off during the preparation of the workplace.
6.28. In the line "Special instructions" it is recommended to indicate: additional measures ensuring the safety of workers (installation of fences, checking the air in the room for the absence of hydrogen, fire safety measures, measures to prevent rotation); the stages of work and individual operations that shall be performed under the continuous control of the responsible person in charge of the work, in accordance with paragraph 5.7 of the Rules; in the case of issuing a permit to work to a supervisor - the surname and initials of the responsible worker heading the work team, in accordance with paragraph 5.10 of the Rules; permission for the responsible person in charge and the performing authority to carry out the transfer of workers to another workplace, in accordance with paragraph 12.1 of the Rules; permission for the performing authority or the supervisor to carry out repeated admission, in accordance with paragraph 13.3 of the Rules; permission to switch on the electrical installation or a part of it (individual switching devices) without the permission or order of the operational personnel, in accordance with paragraph 15.2 of the Rules; permission for the temporary removal of earthing in accordance with paragraphs 21.5 and 39.12 of the Rules; permission for the performing authority to operate switching devices in accordance with paragraph 43.2 of the Rules; the workers responsible for the safe performance of work with cranes (hoists) in accordance with paragraph 45.3 of the Rules); an indication that the line under repair is within the zone of induced voltage from another VL, in accordance with paragraph 38.43 of the Rules; additional requirements applying to safety measures during work in the zone of influence of an electric and magnetic field in accordance with paragraph 24.18 of the Rules; an indication of the need to check the earthing of VL of other organisations, paragraph 7 of the Notes to the Appendix; an indication that the substation equipment (dispatch names are indicated) is within the zone of induced voltage; permission for the performing authority to carry out testing of switching devices in accordance with paragraph 28.7 of the Rules. The issuing authority may, at its own discretion, enter into these lines other entries as well related to the work being performed.
6.29. In the lines "Permit to work issued by" and "Permit to work extended by", the worker issuing the permit to work is recommended to indicate the date and time of its signing. The workers issuing and extending the permit to work, in addition to their signature, indicate their surname.
6.30. In the table "Permission for the preparation of workplaces and for admission to the performance of work", filled in upon receipt of permission for the preparation of the workplace and initial admission to work, it is recommended to indicate: in column 1 - the workers preparing the workplaces and the person admitting to work indicate the positions and surnames of the workers who issued the permission for the preparation of the workplaces and for admission to the performance of work (hereinafter - permission). When permissions are transmitted in person, in column 1 the workers issuing the permission sign, indicating their position; in column 2 - the date and time of issuing the permission; in column 3 the workers who received the permission sign. When the workplaces are prepared by several workers or by workers of different workshops, in column 3 all those who prepared the workplaces sign. If permissions are not requested at the same time, then in the table "Permission for the preparation of workplaces and for admission to the performance of work" it is recommended to fill in two lines: one - for the permission for the preparation of the workplace, the other - for the permission for admission to work.
6.31. When filling in the reverse side of the permit to work, it is recommended: 1) when working in RU and on KL, in the line "The workplaces have been prepared. The following remain under voltage" the person admitting to work indicates the names of the current-carrying parts remaining under voltage of the connection under repair and of the neighbouring connections (or the equipment of the neighbouring connections) closest to the workplace. When working on VL, these lines record the names of the current-carrying parts indicated by the worker issuing the permit to work in the line "Special instructions" of the front side of the permit to work, and, where necessary, also the names of other current-carrying parts. The person admitting to work and the responsible person in charge of the work (the performing authority or the supervisor, if a responsible person in charge has not been appointed) are recommended to sign under the line "The workplaces have been prepared. The following remain under voltage" only upon initial admission to the performance of work; 2) in the table "Daily admission to work and the time of its completion" it is recommended to indicate information on the daily admission to work and on the date and time of its completion, including admission upon transfer to another workplace. If the performing authority combines the duties of the person admitting to work, and also if the performing authority is permitted to carry out repeated admission of the work team to the performance of work, he signs in columns 3 and 4. When the responsible person in charge of the work is permitted to carry out repeated admission of the work team to work, he signs in column 3. The completion of work associated with the end of the working day is recommended to be recorded by the performing authority or the supervisor in columns 5 and 6; 3) in the table "Changes in the composition of the work team" it is recommended to indicate the surnames, initials and electrical safety group of the members of the work team introduced into and withdrawn from its composition; the surname and initials of the worker who authorised the changes in the composition of the work team, confirmed by his signature). When introducing into the work team or withdrawing from it the driver of a motor vehicle or the operator of a mechanism, or a crane operator, the type of the motor vehicle, mechanism or self-propelled crane assigned to him is also indicated. When permission is transmitted by telephone or radio, the performing authority indicates the surname of the worker in column 4; in the line "The work is fully completed, the work team has been removed, the earthing installed by the work team has been removed, reported to (whom)" it is recommended to indicate the position, surname and initials of the person who received the information; 4) After the full completion of work, the performing authority or the supervisor and the responsible person in charge of the work are recommended to sign in the corresponding lines of the permit to work, indicating the date and time of the full completion of work. If a responsible person in charge of the work has not been appointed, then the signature in the line "Responsible person in charge of the work" is not entered. If, at the time of recording the full completion of work in the permit to work, the operational personnel or the person admitting to work from among the operational personnel is absent, or the performing authority combines the duties of the person admitting to work, the performing authority or the supervisor records the full completion of work only in his copy of the permit to work, indicating the position and surname of the worker to whom he reported the full completion of work, as well as the date and time of the report. If, at the time of recording the full completion of work in the permit to work, the operational personnel or the person admitting to work from among the operational personnel is present, the performing authority or the supervisor records the full completion of work in both copies of the permit to work. If the work team did not install earthing, then the words "the earthing installed by the work team has been removed" are recommended to be struck out of the text of the report.
6.32. Before recording the admission of the work team to work under the permit to work, targeted briefings shall be conducted by the issuing authority and the person admitting to work, and before the start of work - by the responsible person in charge (the performing authority or the supervisor), with their recording in the corresponding tables for the registration of the targeted briefing conducted by the issuing authority, in the form of the permit to work. The conduct of targeted briefings shall cover all workers participating in the work under the permit - from the one who issued the permit to work to the members of the work team. The signatures of the workers in the tables for the registration of targeted briefings are confirmation of the conduct and receipt of the briefing.
7.1. Work in electrical installations may be carried out under an order, being a written task for the performance of work that determines its content, place, time, safety measures (if they are required) and the workers entrusted with its performance, indicating their electrical safety groups (hereinafter - order). An order has a one-off character; its period of validity is determined by the duration of the working day or shift of the performers. When transmitted by telephone or radio, the order is recorded in two logs for the registration of work under permits to work and orders - in the log of the worker who gave the order and in the log of the workers who received the order, with confirming signatures in both logs. If it is necessary to continue the work, or if the working conditions or the composition of the work team change, the order shall be given anew. In the event of breaks in work during one day, repeated admission is carried out by the performing authority.
7.2. The order is given to the performing authority and the person admitting to work. In electrical installations that have no local operational personnel, in those cases where admission to work at the workplace is not required, the order is given directly to the worker performing the work.
7.3. Work whose performance is provided for under an order may, at the discretion of the worker issuing the order, be carried out under a permit to work.
7.4. An order may be issued for work in turn on several electrical installations (connections).
7.5. Admission to work under an order shall be recorded in the log for the registration of work under permits to work and orders.
7.6. Under an order, the operational and operational-repair personnel, or under their supervision the repair personnel, in electrical installations with a voltage up to and above 1000 V, may carry out work performed without delay to prevent the effect on a person of a hazardous production factor that would lead to an injury or another sudden sharp deterioration of health, as well as work to eliminate faults and damage threatening disruption of the normal operation of equipment, structures, devices of thermal automation and heat-engineering measurements (hereinafter - TAI), SDTU, the electricity and heat supply of consumers (hereinafter - urgent work), with a duration of not more than 1 hour, not counting the time for the preparation of the workplace. Urgent work whose performance requires more than 1 hour or the participation of more than three workers, including a worker from the operational and operational-repair personnel exercising supervision in the case where this work is performed by the repair personnel, shall be carried out under a permit to work in accordance with the requirements of the Rules.
7.7. When carrying out urgent work, the performing authority or the supervisor from among the operational personnel, respectively performing the work or exercising supervision over those working in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, shall have electrical safety group IV, and in electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V - electrical safety group III. The members of the work team working in electrical installations with a voltage up to and above 1000 V shall have electrical safety group III. Admission to work in electrical installations shall be carried out after the performance of the technical actions for the preparation of the workplace determined by the worker issuing the order.
7.8. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, work may be performed under an order on an electric motor from which the cable has been disconnected and its ends have been short-circuited and earthed; on a generator from whose terminals the busbars and cables have been disconnected; in a RU, on the withdrawn trolleys of a KRU whose compartment shutters are locked, as well as work on non-current-carrying parts that does not require the removal of voltage and the installation of temporary fences.
7.9. The performance of work under an order is permitted in electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V, except for work on the busbars of a RU and on connections through which the supply of voltage to the busbars is not excluded, and on VL up to 1000 V using lifting structures and mechanisms. Work on servicing the outdoor lighting network is performed under an order with the use of mechanisms subject to compliance with the conditions provided for by paragraph 38.78 of the Rules.
7.10. In electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V located in premises, except for particularly dangerous ones and those in particularly unfavourable conditions with respect to electric shock to people, a worker having electrical safety group III and the right to be the performing authority has the right to work individually.
7.11. During the installation, commissioning, repair and maintenance of secondary systems and communication devices, regardless of whether they are under voltage or not, the performing authority, when carrying out work under an order, is permitted to disconnect and switch on the above-mentioned devices, as well as to test protection and electrical automation devices for the tripping and switching on of circuit breakers with the permission of the operational personnel.
7.12. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, one worker having group III may, under an order, carry out: the improvement and cleaning of the territory of an ORU, mowing of grass, clearing of snow from roads and passages, treatment of the territory with herbicides, deratisation, disinsection; the repair and maintenance of wired radio and telephone communication devices, of the equipment and components of the automated information and measurement system for energy resource metering, of lighting wiring and fittings located outside the chambers of a RU at a height of not more than 2.5 m; the application (restoration) of dispatch (operational) names and other inscriptions outside the chambers of a RU; supervision of the drying of transformers, generators and other equipment withdrawn from operation; maintenance of oil-purifying and other auxiliary apparatus during the cleaning and drying of oil; work on electric motors and the mechanical part of fans and oil pumps of transformers and compressors; programming and downloading of data from electricity meters using a portable computer; other work provided for by the Rules.
7.13. Under an order, a worker having group II has the right to perform individually the cleaning of the corridors of a ZRU and of electrical premises with electrical equipment of a voltage up to and above 1000 V where the current-carrying parts are fenced off. One worker having group III has the right to perform the cleaning in an ORU.
7.14. On VL, under an order, work may be performed on exposed conductive parts (parts of an electrical installation on which the appearance of voltage in emergency operating modes is not excluded, for example: the body of an electrical machine) that do not require the removal of voltage, including: with a rise of up to 3 m, counting from the ground level to the feet of the person working; without dismantling the structural parts of the support; with the digging out of the support legs to a depth of up to 0.5 m; for clearing the route of a VL, when the falling onto the wires of trees and branches being cut down is excluded, and the approach of the workers cutting the branches and boughs, and of the devices and mechanisms used by them, to the wires to a distance less than that specified in Table No. 1 is also excluded.
7.15. One worker having electrical safety group II is permitted to perform under an order the following work on VL: inspection of VL during daylight hours in favourable weather conditions, including with an assessment of the condition of the supports and a check of the rotting of the wooden bases of the supports; restoration of permanent markings on a support; measurement of clearances with goniometric instruments; fire-prevention clearing of the areas around the supports; painting of the bands on the supports.
7.16. When performing work under orders issued by the operational personnel to subordinate operational personnel on shift, the entries on the start and completion of work, on the actions for the preparation of the workplace, on the nature of the work and the composition of the work team are made only in the operational logs.
7.17. One worker having electrical safety group IV and the right to be the performing authority is permitted to perform individually, under an order, in electrical installations with a voltage up to and above 1000 V, the following work using a portable computer: downloading of emergency oscillograms from the terminals of relay protection and automation, including the terminals of emergency event recorders; parameterisation of the terminals of relay protection and automation; parameterisation of switches and routers; downloading of event logs from switches and routers; parameterisation of controllers and other equipment of automated systems for the process control of the power supply of an industrial enterprise; downloading of information files from partial discharge recording devices; downloading of oscillograms from soft starters and from a variable frequency drive; taking of readings from microprocessor electricity meters by means of an optical port.
7.18. Two workers - the performing authority with electrical safety group IV and a member of the work team with a group not lower than III - are permitted to perform under an order, in electrical installations with a voltage up to and above 1000 V, the following work: connection of power quality recorders; connection of oscillographs into the secondary circuits of relay protection and automation; taking of vector diagrams in metering circuits.
8.1. Repair work and maintenance work small in volume, performed during a working shift and permitted for performance in the course of routine operation, shall be contained in a list of work. The list of work is signed by the technical manager or by a worker from among the administrative and technical personnel (managerial workers and specialists) who is charged with the duties of organising the safe performance of all types of work in electrical installations, including operational and (or) technical maintenance, repair, commissioning and testing, in accordance with the rules in force and the regulatory and technical documents (hereinafter - the person responsible for the electrical facilities), and is approved by the head of the organisation or the head of a separate subdivision. The preparation of the workplace and the work permitted in the course of routine operation for performance by the operational or operational-repair personnel apply to electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V and are performed only on the equipment (section) assigned to that personnel or in an electrical installation up to 1000 V of a consumer in accordance with paragraph 42.8 of the Rules.
8.2. Work in the course of routine operation included in the list of work is permanently permitted work for which the recording of any additional instructions or orders, or the conduct of a targeted briefing, is not required.
8.3. When drawing up the list of work in the course of routine operation, the conditions for ensuring safety and the possibility of individual performance of specific work, the qualification of the personnel, and the degree of importance of the electrical installation as a whole or of its individual elements in the technological process shall be taken into account.
8.4. The list of work in the course of routine operation shall contain instructions determining the types of work permitted for performance individually and by a work team.
8.5. The list of work in the course of routine operation shall specify the procedure for the registration of work performed in the course of routine operation (notification of the superior operational personnel of the place and nature of the work, of its start and completion, and of the recording of the work by an entry in the operational log).
8.6. The following may be classified as work (a list of work) performed in the course of routine operation in electrical installations with a voltage of up to 1000 V: work in electrical installations with single-side supply; disconnection and connection of the cable and the wires of the electric motor and of individual electrical loads of the engineering equipment of buildings and structures; repair of circuit breakers, magnetic starters, knife switches, changeover switches, residual current devices (hereinafter - UZO), contactors, start buttons, and other similar starting and switching apparatus, provided that it is installed outside switchboards and assemblies; repair of individual electrical loads belonging to the engineering equipment of buildings and structures (electric motors, electric air heaters, fans, pumps, air-conditioning units); repair of separately located magnetic stations and control units, maintenance of the brush gear of electrical machines, and lubrication of bearings; removal and installation of electricity meters and other instruments and measuring devices; replacement of fuses, repair of lighting wiring and fittings, replacement of lamps and cleaning of luminaires located at a height of not more than 2.5 m; measurements carried out using a megohmmeter; marking, snow clearing, and cleaning of the areas of ORU, the corridors of ZRU, and electrical premises with electrical equipment of a voltage of up to 1000 V, where the live parts are fenced off or located at a height unreachable for accidental contact, taking into account Table No. 1; other work performed on the territory of the organisation, in office and residential premises, warehouses, and workshops. The list of work provided is not exhaustive and may be supplemented by decision of the head of the organisation (separate subdivision). The list shall specify which work may be performed single-handedly. The labour protection instructions for workers shall set out the labour protection requirements and the procedure for performing work carried out in the course of routine operation.
9.1. The preparation of the workplace and the admission of the work team to work may be carried out only after obtaining permission from a worker who has the right to issue permission for the preparation of the workplace and admission to work (the procedure for admission to work on TAI devices, remote control means (hereinafter - SDU), signalling, and technical means of automated control systems (hereinafter - ASU) is set out in Chapter XLIII of the Rules).
9.2. The permission for the preparation of the workplace and admission to work is transmitted to the worker performing the preparation of the workplace and the admission of the work team to work, in person, by telephone, by radio, by messenger, or through the operational personnel of an intermediate substation. The issuing of permissions for admission to work before the arrival of the work team at the place of work shall not be permitted.
9.3. The admission of the work team to work is permitted only under a single permit to work or order.
10.1. It shall not be permitted to change the workplace preparation actions provided for by the permit to work, namely: the technical actions carried out before the start of work to prevent the exposure of the worker to a hazardous and harmful production factor at the workplace. If doubt arises as to the sufficiency and correctness of the actions for preparing the workplace and as to the possibility of safely performing the work, the preparation of the workplaces shall be stopped, and the intended work postponed until a new permit to work is issued that provides for technical actions eliminating the doubts about safety that have arisen.
10.2. In cases where the performing authority combines the duties of the person granting admission, he shall carry out the preparation of the workplace together with one of the work team members holding electrical safety group III (except in the cases provided for by paragraph 42.5 of the Rules).
10.3. Before admission to work, the person granting admission shall satisfy himself that the technical actions for preparing the workplace have been carried out, by personal inspection, from the entries in the operational log, from the operational diagram, and from the reports of the person issuing the permission for the preparation of the workplace and admission, taking into account the requirements specified in paragraph 5.14 of the Rules, and, before admission to work in the electrical installations of electricity consumers, from the report of the operational or operational-repair personnel of subdivisions and organisations.
10.4. Before admission to work, the responsible person in charge of the work and the performing authority or the observer shall ascertain from the person granting admission which actions have been carried out in preparing the workplace for the performance of work, and, together with the person granting admission, shall check this preparation by personal inspection within the workplace. In the absence of operational personnel, but with its permission, the responsible person in charge of the work together with the performing authority may carry out the check of the preparation of the workplace for the performance of work themselves.
10.5. Admission to work under permits to work and orders shall be carried out directly at the workplace. Admission to work under an order in cases where preparation of the workplace is not required need not be carried out at the workplace, and for VL, VLS and KL it is not required.
10.6. Admission to work is carried out after checking the preparation of the workplace. In doing so, the person granting admission shall check that the composition of the work team corresponds to the composition specified in the permit to work or order, using the personal identity cards of the work team members; shall prove to the work team that voltage is absent, by demonstrating the earthing that has been installed or by checking the absence of voltage if the earthing is not visible from the workplace, and, in electrical installations with a voltage of 35 kV and below (where the design permits), by subsequently touching the live parts by hand.
10.7. The commencement of work under a permit to work or order shall be preceded by targeted briefings, providing instructions on the safe performance of the specific work in the electrical installation, covering the category of workers determined by the permit to work or order, in a sequential chain from the worker who issued the permit to work or gave the order down to the work team member or performer. Without targeted briefings being conducted, admission to work is not permitted. Targeted briefings for work under a permit to work are conducted by: the worker issuing the permit to work - to the responsible person in charge of the work or, if a responsible person in charge is not appointed or combines the duties of the issuing authority, to the performing authority or the observer; the person granting admission - to the responsible person in charge of the work, the performing authority or the observer, and the work team members, and, if a responsible person in charge is not appointed, to the performing authority or the observer and the work team members; the responsible person in charge of the work - to the performing authority or the observer and the work team members, and, if a responsible person in charge is not appointed, then the performing authority or the observer - to the work team members; the performing authority or the observer - to the work team members. Targeted briefings for work under an order are conducted by: the worker giving the order to the performing authority or the observer or the direct performer of the work; the person granting admission - to the performing authority or the observer, and the work team members (performers). the performing authority - to the work team members. The targeted briefing may be conducted by the worker issuing the permit to work or giving the order by telephone. When a new work team member is introduced into the work team, the briefing shall be conducted by the performing authority or the observer.
10.8. The worker issuing the permit to work or giving the order, the responsible person in charge of the work, and the performing authority, in the targeted briefings conducted by them, in addition to matters of electrical safety, shall give clear instructions on the technology of the safe performance of work and on the use of lifting structures and mechanisms, tools and appliances. The observer instructs the work team members on the measures for the safe conduct of work that exclude the possibility of electric shock, and on the procedure for the movement of the work team members around the territory of the electrical installation. The performing authority instructs the work team on matters of the safe technology of performing the work and on the use of tools and appliances. In the targeted briefing, the performing authority shall give the work team members exhaustive instructions to prevent electric shock.
10.9. In the targeted briefing, the person granting admission shall familiarise the work team members with the content of the permit to work or order, shall indicate the boundaries of the workplace and the zone with induced voltage, and shall point out the equipment nearest to the workplace and the live parts of the equipment being repaired and of the adjacent connections which it shall not be permitted to approach, regardless of whether they are energised or not.
10.10. For work under a permit to work, the targeted briefings shall be signed by the workers who conducted and received the briefing, in the tables of the permit to work, the recommended template of which is provided for by Appendix No. 7 to the Rules. For work under an order, the targeted briefings shall be documented by the signatures of the workers who conducted and received the briefing, in the log of work under permits to work and orders, the recommended template of which is provided for by Appendix No. 8 to the Rules.
10.11. Admission to a prepared workplace is documented in two copies of the permit to work, of which one remains with the performing authority or the observer and the second with the worker granting them admission, with an entry on the admission to work in the operational log. When the performing authority combines the duties of the person granting admission, the admission is documented in one copy of the permit to work. Admission to work under a permit to work and an order is documented in the log of work under permits to work and orders, the recommended template of which is provided for by Appendix No. 8 to the Rules, with an entry on the admission to work in the operational log.
11.1. After admission to work, supervision of the work team's compliance with the safety requirements rests with the performing authority, the responsible person in charge, or the observer, who shall maintain control over all work team members, remaining where possible in the section of the workplace where the most hazardous work is being performed. The combination of supervision by the observer with the performance of any work shall not be permitted.
11.2. The performing authority or the observer, in the event of a temporary departure from the workplace and the impossibility of transferring the performance of his duties to the responsible person in charge of the work, the person granting admission, or a worker having the right to issue permits to work, shall remove the work team from the place of work (take the work team out of the RU, lock the entrance doors, and arrange for the descent of the work team members from the VL supports). During his temporary absence from the workplace, the performing authority or the observer shall hand over the permit to work to the worker replacing him. It is not permitted for a single performing authority or observer, or for work team members without the performing authority or the observer, to remain in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V. The following types of work may be an exception: adjustment of circuit breakers and disconnectors whose drives are moved out to another room; installation and checking of secondary systems and communication devices; laying of power and control cables; testing of electrical equipment with the application of increased voltage, when it is necessary to observe the equipment being tested and to warn of the danger of unauthorised persons approaching it. Such work is performed under a permit to work on the basis of and under the conditions provided for by paragraphs 6.12 and 6.13 of the Rules.
11.3. The temporary departure of one or several work team members from the workplace is permitted with the permission of the performing authority or the observer. In this case, it is not required to remove them from the work team. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, the number of work team members remaining at the workplace shall be not less than two, including the performing authority or the observer. Work team members holding electrical safety group III may leave the RU and return to the workplace on their own, while work team members holding electrical safety group II may do so only when accompanied by a work team member holding electrical safety group III or a worker having the right to inspect electrical installations single-handedly. After leaving the RU, it shall not be permitted to leave the door unlocked. Work team members who have returned may begin work only with the permission of the performing authority or the observer. Work team members who do not have the right to work independently in electrical installations may leave the RU and return to the workplace only when accompanied by a worker having the right to inspect electrical installations single-handedly or by the observer, if the latter can be replaced under the conditions provided for by paragraph 11.2 of the Rules.
11.4. If violations of the Rules are detected or other circumstances threatening the safety of the workers are identified, the work team members shall be removed from the workplace and the permit to work shall be withdrawn from the performing authority or the observer. Only after the detected violations have been eliminated is the work team again admitted to work, with a new permit to work being issued.
11.5. Changing the composition of the work team after admission to work is permitted for the worker who issued the permit to work or for another worker having the right to issue a permit to work in the given electrical installation. Instructions on changes to the composition of the work team may be transmitted by telephone, by radio, or by messenger to the person granting admission, the responsible person in charge, or the performing authority, who certifies with his signature in the permit to work the changes entered into the permit to work and the surname and initials of the worker who gave the instruction on the change. When the composition of the work team is changed, the requirements of paragraph 5.15 of the Rules shall be complied with. The performing authority or the observer shall conduct targeted briefings for the workers introduced into the work team.
11.6. In the event of the replacement of the responsible person in charge, the performing authority, or the observer, a change in the composition of the work team by more than half, or a change in the conditions of the work, the permit to work shall be issued anew.
12.1. In an RU with a voltage above 1000 V, the transfer of the work team to another workplace is carried out by the person granting admission. This transfer may also be carried out by the responsible person in charge, the performing authority, or the observer, in accordance with the assignment of the worker issuing the permit to work, with an entry in the "Special instructions" line of the permit to work, and taking into account the requirements provided for by paragraphs 6.10 and 6.12 of the Rules.
12.2. The transfer to another workplace is indicated in the permit to work. A transfer carried out by the person granting admission from among the operational personnel is documented in two copies of the permit to work, except in the cases provided for in paragraph 6.1 of the Rules.
12.3. In an RU with a voltage of up to 1000 V, and also on a single VL, VLS, or KL, the transfer to another workplace is carried out by the performing authority or the observer without documentation in the permit.
12.4. When work is performed without switching off the equipment, only the transfer of the work team from one RU to another shall be documented in the permit to work.
13.1. During a break in work in the course of the working day (for lunch, or due to the conditions of the work), the work team shall be removed from the workplace, and the doors of the RU locked. The permit to work remains with the performing authority or the observer. The work team members do not have the right to return to the workplace after the break without the performing authority or the observer. Admission to work after such a break is carried out by the performing authority or the observer without an entry in the permit to work.
13.2. During a break in work due to the end of the working day, the work team shall be removed from the workplace. Safety posters, barriers, flags, and earthing are not removed. The performing authority or the observer shall hand over the permit to work to the person granting admission, and, if the person granting admission is not present at the workplace, shall leave the permit to work in the place designated for this purpose. In electrical installations that do not have local operational personnel, the performing authority or the observer is permitted to keep the permit to work with him at the end of the working day. When work under voltage on live parts is performed, during a break in work due to the end of the working day or shift, all the installed insulating covers (pads), safety posters, and appliances shall be removed. It is permitted not to remove the installed insulating covers (pads) and safety posters when temporary repair jumpers are used that ensure the functioning of the electrical installation during the repair. The performing authority (the observer) documents the completion of the work by signature in his copy of the permit to work.
13.3. Repeated admission to work on subsequent days to a prepared workplace is carried out by the person granting admission or, with his permission, by the responsible person in charge of the work. The permission for repeated admission is recorded in the operational log. In this case, permission to be admitted to work from higher operational personnel is not required. The performing authority or the observer, with the permission of the person granting admission, has the right to admit the work team to work at a prepared workplace, if he has been assigned to do so, with an entry in the "Special instructions" line of the permit to work. When work is resumed on the following day, the performing authority or the observer shall satisfy himself of the integrity and preservation of the posters, barriers, and flags left in place, as well as of the reliability of the earthing, and shall admit the work team to work. Admission to work carried out by the person granting admission from among the operational personnel is documented in two copies of the permit to work; admission to work carried out by the responsible person in charge, the performing authority, or the observer is documented in the copy of the permit to work held by the performing authority or the observer.
14.1. After the full completion of the work, the performing authority or the observer shall remove the work team from the workplace, remove the temporary barriers, portable safety posters, flags, and earthing installed by the work team, and lock the doors of the electrical installation. After checking the workplaces, the documentation of the full completion of the work in the permit to work by his signature is carried out by the performing authority, and, if a responsible person in charge of the work has been appointed, by the responsible person in charge of the work.
14.2. The performing authority or the observer shall report to the operational personnel on duty or to the worker who issued the permit to work the full completion of the work and his compliance with the requirements of paragraph 14.1 of the Rules.
14.3. After the full completion of the work has been documented, the performing authority or the observer shall hand over the permit to work to the person granting admission, and, in his absence, shall leave it in the place designated for this purpose, for example in the folder of permits to work in force. If handing over the permit to work after the full completion of the work is difficult, then, with the permission of the person granting admission or of a worker from among the operational personnel, the performing authority or the observer has the right to keep the permit to work with him. In this case, and also when the performing authority combines the duties of the person granting admission, he shall, no later than the following day, hand over the permit to work to the operational personnel or to the worker who issued the permit to work, and, at remote sites, to the administrative and technical personnel (managerial workers and specialists) of the site.
14.4. After receiving the permit to work in which the full completion of the work has been documented, the person granting admission shall inspect the workplaces and report to the worker issuing the permission for the preparation of the workplaces and admission to work, as well as to the operational personnel under whose operational control the electrical installation is, the full completion of the work and the possibility of energising the electrical installation.
14.5. The completion of work under a permit to work or order, after inspection of the place of work, shall be reflected in the log of work under permits to work and orders and in the operational log.
15.1. A worker from among the operational personnel who has received permission (a command) to energise the electrical installation after the full completion of the work in it shall, before energising, satisfy himself of the readiness of the electrical installation for energising (check the cleanliness of the workplace and the absence of tools), remove the temporary barriers, portable safety posters, and earthing installed during the preparation of the workplace by the operational personnel, and restore the permanent barriers.
15.2. The person granting admission from among the operational-repair personnel may be granted the right, after the completion of work in the electrical installation, to energise it without obtaining additional permission or a command. The granting of the right to such energising shall be recorded in the "Special instructions" line of the permit to work. The right to such energising is granted only if no other work teams are admitted to work on the electrical installation or its section.
15.3. In emergency cases, the operational personnel or the person granting admission may put into operation electrical equipment or an electrical installation that has been taken out for repair, in the absence of the work team and before the full completion of the work, provided that, until the arrival of the performing authority and his return of the permit to work, workers are stationed at the workplaces who are obliged to warn the performing authority and all work team members that the electrical installation is energised and the resumption of work shall not be permitted.
16.1. When preparing the workplace to ensure the safety of performing work with the removal of voltage, the following technical actions shall be carried out in the order indicated: the necessary switching-off and (or) disconnection operations shall be carried out; measures shall be taken to prevent the supply of voltage to the place of work as a result of the erroneous or spontaneous switching on of switching apparatus; prohibitory posters shall be posted on the manual drives and on the remote control keys of the switching apparatus; the absence of voltage shall be verified on the live parts which are to be earthed to protect people from electric shock; portable earthing shall be installed (the earthing switches shall be closed); indicating posters "Earthed" shall be posted, the workplaces and the live parts remaining under voltage shall, where necessary, be fenced off, and warning and mandatory posters shall be posted. When switching apparatus and earthing switches are remotely controlled from an automated workstation that enables the operational and (or) dispatching personnel to remotely (from a computer monitor) control the switching apparatus and earthing switches and determine their position, to use the electrical connection diagrams of the electrical installations and the electrical parameters (voltage, current, power) displayed on the computer monitor, and also to read the incoming emergency and warning signals (hereinafter - ARM), it is permitted: to take measures to prevent the supply of voltage to the place of work as a result of the erroneous or spontaneous switching on of switching apparatus, and also to post prohibitory posters on the manual drives and on the remote control keys of the switching apparatus after the earthing switches have been closed; to carry out the switching off of voltage transformers on the lower-voltage side after the earthing switches have been closed.
16.2. When preparing the workplace for performing work under voltage on the live parts of an electrical installation, the following technical actions shall be carried out: measures shall be taken to prevent the re-energising, by means of the action of automatic reclosing (hereinafter - APV) or automatic switching to reserve (hereinafter - AVR), of electrical installations on which work under voltage is being performed and which have tripped through the action of protection; prohibitory posters shall be posted on the manual drives and on the remote control keys of the switching apparatus and, in the ARM, shall be displayed in accordance with the requirements of Chapter XVIII of the Rules. When work under voltage on live parts is performed by the remote method (using insulating rods) or on live parts of up to 1000 V of mast and pole transformer substations (hereinafter - TP) and KTP by the contact method, it is not required to disable the action of APV or AVR on the supplying LEP and equipment of above 1000 V inclusive.
16.3. When performing work under voltage in electrical installations of up to 1000 V by the contact method or by the insulation method in electrical installations of up to 35 kV, insulating covers (pads) shall be installed on the live parts at the place where the work is carried out. On live parts of up to 35 kV that are energised, located near the workplace and within the reach of the worker, which may be accidentally touched and which cannot be switched off, insulating covers (pads) shall also be installed, or a barrier preventing contact shall be installed.
16.4. Work performed under voltage on live parts in electrical installations with a voltage of up to and above 1000 V shall be contained in the list of work permitted to be performed under voltage on live parts in electrical installations with a voltage of up to and above 1000 V, which is signed by the technical manager or the person responsible for the electrical facilities and approved by the head of the organisation or the head of the separate subdivision. The list of work permitted to be performed under voltage on live parts in electrical installations with a voltage of up to and above 1000 V is signed by the technical manager or the person responsible for the electrical facilities and approved by the head of the organisation or the head of the separate subdivision.
16.5. When working under voltage on a VL or an overhead section of a KVL that has a crossing with other VLs of various voltage classes (or a joint suspension of conductors in the spans of the VL supports), protective equipment corresponding to the voltage class of the VL on which the work is carried out shall be used. Work under voltage on live parts at the place where the VL conductors cross shall be prohibited, with the exception of the crossing of a 6 (10) kV VLZ with a 0.4 kV VLI (a 6 (10) kV VLZ with a 6 (10) kV VLZ; a 0.4 kV VLI with a 0.4 kV VLI). The possibility of performing work under voltage on the supports bounding the crossing span, in the spans of supports adjacent to the crossing point, in the spans of supports beyond the crossing span (excluding the adjacent spans of supports), and at crossings with other engineering structures is determined by the owner of the engineering structure or his authorised representative.
17.1. When preparing the workplace, the following shall be switched off: the live parts on which work is to be performed; the unfenced live parts which people, mechanisms, and lifting structures may accidentally approach to a distance less than that indicated in Table No. 1; the control and power circuits of the drives shall be switched off, the air in the switching apparatus control systems shall be shut off, and the winding-up shall be released from the springs and weights at the drives of the circuit breakers and disconnectors. When preparing the workplace on previously switched-off live parts, the performance of the actions indicated above shall be verified.
17.2. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, on each side from which the supply of voltage to the workplace by switching on a switching apparatus is not excluded, there shall be a visible break. A visible break may be created by switching off disconnectors, removing fuses, switching off disconnecting switches and load switches, and by disconnecting or removing busbars and conductors. The disconnection of busbars and conductors is carried out by one of the methods for performing work under voltage. Work on disconnection shall also be included in the list of work permitted to be performed under voltage on live parts in electrical installations with a voltage of up to and above 1000 V, which is signed by the technical manager or the person responsible for the electrical facilities and approved by the head of the organisation or the head of the separate subdivision. In the absence of a visible break, in factory-made complete switchgear with withdrawable elements, and also in complete switchgear with SF6 insulation (hereinafter - KRUE) with a voltage of 6 kV and above, it is permitted to check the switched-off position of the switching apparatus by the mechanical indicator of the guaranteed position of the contacts. When switching apparatus and earthing switches are remotely controlled from the ARM, during the performance of switching operations, the presence of personnel in the switchgear in which the given switching apparatus and earthing switches are located shall not be permitted. Power transformers and voltage transformers connected to the section of the electrical installation set aside for the work shall be switched off, and their circuits disconnected also on the side of their other windings, to exclude the possibility of reverse transformation. When switching apparatus and earthing switches are remotely controlled from the ARM during the taking out for repair of LEP or busbar sections (systems), it is permitted to carry out the switching off of voltage transformers on the low-voltage side after the earthing of the LEP or busbar sections (systems).
17.3. After switching off circuit breakers, disconnectors (disconnecting switches), and load switches with manual control, it shall be verified visually that they are switched off and that there are no shunting jumpers. When switching apparatus and earthing switches are remotely controlled from the ARM, the position of the switching apparatus (circuit breakers, disconnectors) and earthing switches is checked by the ARM signalling. The visual check of the actual position of the switching apparatus and earthing switches shall be carried out after the completion of the entire set of switching-off operations, directly at the place of installation of the switching apparatus and earthing switches.
17.4. When preparing the workplace in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, to prevent the erroneous or spontaneous closing of the switching devices by which voltage is supplied to the work site, the following measures shall be taken: for disconnectors, disconnecting switches and load switches, the manual drives in the open position shall be locked with a key or a removable handle (hereinafter - the mechanical lock). In electrical installations with a voltage of 6-10 kV with single-pole disconnectors, dielectric caps may be placed on the blades instead of a mechanical lock; for disconnectors operated by an operating rod, the fixed barriers shall be locked with a mechanical lock; for the drives of switching devices having remote control, the power circuits and control circuits shall be disconnected, and for pneumatic drives, in addition, the valve on the compressed-air supply pipeline shall be closed and locked with a mechanical lock and the compressed air shall be released, with the drain valves being left in the open position; with remote control from an automated workstation, for the disconnector drives the power circuits shall be disconnected, the operating-mode selector key in the control cabinet shall be moved to the "local control" position, and the disconnector control cabinet shall be locked with a mechanical lock. These actions are carried out after earthing the power transmission line and the equipment; for weight-operated and spring drives, the closing weight or closing springs shall be brought to the inoperative position; prohibiting posters shall be displayed. Measures to prevent the erroneous closing of switching devices of switchgear assemblies with withdrawable trucks shall be taken in accordance with the requirements set out in paragraphs 29.1 and 29.2 of the Rules.
17.5. In electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V, the voltage shall be removed from all current-carrying parts on which work is to be carried out by switching off the switching devices with a manual drive and, where fuses are present in the circuit, by removing the latter. Where there are no fuses in the circuit, prevention of the erroneous closing of the switching devices shall be ensured by such measures as locking the handles or the doors of the control cabinet, covering the buttons, and installing insulating pads between the contacts of the switching device. When removing the voltage by a switching device with remote control, the secondary circuit of the closing coil shall be opened. The listed measures may be replaced by disconnecting the busbars or by disconnecting the cable and conductors from the switching device or from the equipment on which work is to be carried out. These works are carried out by one of the methods of work under voltage. Prohibiting posters shall be displayed.
17.6. The open position of switching devices with a voltage up to 1000 V whose contacts are inaccessible for inspection is determined by checking for the absence of voltage at their terminals or at the outgoing busbars, conductors or terminals of the equipment closed by these switching devices. In factory-made switchgear assemblies, the check for the absence of voltage may be carried out using built-in fixed voltage indicators.
18.1. On the drives (drive handles) of manually operated switching devices (circuit breakers, disconnecting switches, disconnectors, knife switches, automatic circuit breakers), to prevent the supply of voltage to the workplace, the posters "Do not switch on! Personnel at work" shall be displayed. For single-pole disconnectors, the posters are displayed on the drive of each pole; for disconnectors operated by an operating rod, on the barriers. On the valves that shut off the air supply to the pneumatic drives of disconnectors, the poster "Do not open! Personnel at work" is displayed. On connections with a voltage up to 1000 V that have no switching devices, the poster "Do not switch on! Personnel at work" shall be displayed at the removed fuses; in switchgear assemblies - in accordance with paragraph 29.2 of the Rules. Posters shall be displayed on the keys and buttons of remote and local control, and also on the automatic circuit breakers or at the location of the removed fuses of the control circuits and power supply circuits of the switching-device drives. With remote control of switching devices and earthing blades from an automated workstation, the posters "Do not switch on! Personnel at work" may be displayed after earthing the power transmission line and the equipment. With remote control of switching devices from the automated workstation of the operational personnel, similar safety posters shall, in addition, be shown next to the graphic symbol of the corresponding switching device on the automated-workstation diagram.
18.2. On the drives of the disconnectors by which an overhead line, cable-overhead line or cable line has been disconnected for the performance of work, one poster "Do not switch on! Work on the line" is displayed, regardless of the number of work teams operating. With remote control of switching devices and earthing blades from an automated workstation, the poster "Do not switch on! Work on the line" may be displayed after earthing the power transmission line. With remote control of switching devices from an automated workstation, the symbol of the prohibiting poster "Do not switch on! Work on the line!" shall be shown in the automated workstation of the dispatch or operational personnel under whose dispatch or process control, respectively, the overhead line, cable-overhead line or cable line is located, and also in the automated workstation of the operational personnel of the electric power facility on the diagram next to the symbol of the disconnector by which voltage is supplied to the power transmission line. In the absence of disconnectors on power transmission lines with a voltage up to 1000 V, the poster "Do not switch on! Work on the line!" may be displayed on the drives or control keys of the switching device, depending on its design. The poster is displayed and removed on the command of the dispatch or operational personnel under whose dispatch or process control, respectively, the overhead line, cable-overhead line or cable line is located. Before giving the command to remove the poster "Do not switch on! Work on the line!", the dispatch or operational personnel under whose dispatch or process control, respectively, the overhead line, cable-overhead line or cable line is located shall obtain from the worker of the operational personnel who issues the permission for the preparation of the workplace and for admission a confirmation that the work has been completed and all work teams have been removed from the workplace.
18.3. When performing work under voltage, on the manual drives and remote-control keys of switching devices, the prohibiting poster "Work under voltage. Do not switch on again!" is displayed. When working under voltage on current-carrying parts up to 35 kV by the distance method (using insulating rods) or on current-carrying parts up to 1000 V in transformer substations and packaged transformer substations by the contact method, it is not required to display the poster "Work under voltage. Do not switch on again!" on the manual drives and remote-control keys of the switching devices. With remote control of switching devices from an automated workstation, the symbol of the prohibiting poster "Work under voltage. Do not switch on again!" shall be shown in the automated workstation of the dispatch or operational personnel under whose dispatch or process control, respectively, the overhead line, cable-overhead line or cable line is located, and also in the automated workstation of the operational personnel of the electric power facility on the diagram next to the symbol of the circuit breaker by which voltage is supplied to the power transmission line. The poster is displayed and removed on the command of the dispatch or operational personnel under whose dispatch or process control, respectively, the overhead line, cable-overhead line or cable line is located. Before giving the command to remove the poster "Work under voltage. Do not switch on again!", the dispatch or operational personnel under whose dispatch or process control, respectively, the overhead line, cable-overhead line or cable line is located shall obtain from the worker of the operational personnel who issues the permission for the preparation of the workplace and for admission a confirmation that the work has been completed and all work teams have been removed from the workplace.
19.1. The absence of voltage shall be checked with a voltage indicator, the serviceability of which shall be verified before use by means of special devices intended for this purpose or by bringing it close to current-carrying parts that are known to be under voltage. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, the voltage indicator shall be used wearing dielectric gloves. In factory-made switchgear assemblies (including those filled with sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)), the check for the absence of voltage may be carried out using built-in fixed voltage indicators. In electrical installations with a voltage of 35 kV and above, an insulating rod may be used to check for the absence of voltage, touching the current-carrying parts with it several times. The sign of the absence of voltage is the absence of sparking and crackling. On single-circuit overhead lines with a voltage of 330 kV and above, a sufficient sign of the absence of voltage is the absence of corona. With remote control of switching devices and earthing blades from an automated workstation, the check for the absence of voltage carried out before closing the earthing blades may be performed by verifying the circuit diagram displayed on the automated-workstation monitor, where there is a corresponding operational interlock at the electric power facility and (or) a software (logic) operational interlock implemented in the automated workstation and the automated process control system of the electric power facility.
19.2. In switchgear, the absence of voltage may be checked by one worker from the operational personnel who holds electrical safety group IV in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V and holds electrical safety group III in electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V. On overhead lines, the check for the absence of voltage shall be carried out by two workers: on overhead lines with a voltage above 1000 V - workers holding electrical safety groups IV and III; on overhead lines with a voltage up to 1000 V - workers holding electrical safety group III.
19.3. The absence of voltage may be checked by in-situ verification of the circuit diagram: in outdoor switchgear and at an outdoor packaged transformer substation (hereinafter - PTS), and also on overhead lines in fog, rain or snowfall where there are no special voltage indicators; in outdoor switchgear with a voltage of 330 kV and above and on double-circuit overhead lines with a voltage of 330 kV and above. During in-situ verification of the circuit diagram, the absence of voltage at the inlets of the overhead line and cable line is confirmed by the person on duty under whose operational control the lines are located. In-situ verification of an overhead line consists of checking the direction and external features of the lines and the markings on the supports, which shall correspond to the dispatch designations of the lines.
19.4. On overhead lines, where the conductors are suspended at different levels, the absence of voltage shall be checked with an indicator or a rod, and earthing shall be installed, from the bottom upwards, starting with the lowest conductor. Where the suspension is horizontal, the check shall begin with the nearest conductor.
19.5. In electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V with an earthed neutral, when using a two-pole indicator, the absence of voltage shall be checked both between the phases and between each phase and the earthed enclosure of the equipment or the protective conductor. A previously tested voltmeter may be used. The use of test lamps shall be prohibited.
19.6. Devices that signal the open position of the apparatus, interlocking devices and permanently connected voltmeters are only supplementary means confirming the absence of voltage, and no conclusion about the absence of voltage may be drawn on the basis of their readings.
20.1. Earthing shall be installed on current-carrying parts immediately after checking for the absence of voltage.
20.2. The portable earthing shall first be connected to the earthing device and then, after checking for the absence of voltage, installed on the current-carrying parts. The portable earthing shall be removed in the reverse sequence: first remove it from the current-carrying parts and then disconnect it from the earthing device.
20.3. The installation and removal of portable earthing shall be carried out wearing dielectric gloves, using an insulating rod in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V. The clamps of the portable earthing shall be secured with the same rod. It shall be prohibited to touch the conducting parts of the earthing during the installation or removal of the portable earthing or during the performance of work.
20.4. It shall be prohibited to use for earthing any conductors not intended for this purpose, except in the cases specified in paragraph 27.2 of the Rules.
21.1. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, the current-carrying parts of all phases (poles) of the section disconnected for work shall be earthed from all sides from which voltage may be supplied, with the exception of the busbars of the switchgear disconnected for work, for which it is sufficient to install one earthing. When working on a disconnected line disconnector, additional earthing that is not disturbed during manipulations with the disconnector shall be installed on the down-lead conductors on the overhead-line side, regardless of the presence of earthing blades on the disconnector.
21.2. The earthed current-carrying parts shall be separated from the current-carrying parts that are under voltage by a visible break. The absence of a visible break is permitted in the cases specified in paragraph 17.2 of the Rules. The installed earthing may be separated from the current-carrying parts on which work is directly being carried out by open circuit breakers, disconnectors, disconnecting switches or load switches, by removed fuses, by dismantled busbars or conductors, or by the withdrawable elements of switchgear assemblies. Directly at the workplace, earthing shall additionally be installed on the current-carrying parts in cases where these parts may come under induced voltage (potential).
21.3. Portable earthing shall be connected to the current-carrying parts and to the earthing device at places cleared of paint.
21.4. In electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V, when working on the busbars of switchgear, boards or assemblies, the voltage shall be removed from the busbars, and the busbars (except busbars made of insulated conductor) shall be earthed. The necessity and possibility of earthing the connections of these switchgear installations, boards, assemblies and the equipment connected to them is determined by the issuing authority for the permit to work or instruction.
21.5. The temporary removal of earthing installed during preparation of the workplace is permitted if this is required by the nature of the work being carried out (measurement of insulation resistance). The temporary removal and re-installation of earthing are carried out by the operational personnel or, on the instruction of the worker issuing the permit to work, by the performing authority. The permission for the temporary removal of earthing, and also for the performance of these operations by the performing authority, shall be entered in the "Special instructions" line of the permit to work, with a note stating where and for what purpose the earthing is to be removed.
21.6. In electrical installations whose design is such that the installation of earthing is dangerous or impossible (for example, in certain distribution boxes, switchgear assemblies of certain types, and assemblies with a vertical arrangement of the phases), additional actions to ensure the safety of the work shall be developed, including the installation of dielectric caps on the blades of disconnectors and knife switches, of dielectric pads, or the disconnection of conductors, cables and busbars. The list of such electrical installations is approved by the head of the organisation or the head of the separate subdivision and is communicated to the workers.
21.7. In electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V, the operations for installing and removing earthing may be carried out by one worker holding group III from the operational personnel.
21.8. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, portable earthing shall be installed by two workers: one holding electrical safety group IV (from the operational personnel), the other holding electrical safety group III; the worker holding electrical safety group III may be from the repair personnel and, when performing work to earth consumers' connections, from the consumers' personnel. At remote substations, with the permission of the administrative and technical personnel (managerial workers and specialists) or the operational personnel, when installing earthing in the main circuit, the work of a second worker holding electrical safety group III from the consumers' personnel is permitted; the earthing blades may be closed by one worker holding electrical safety group IV from the operational personnel. The earthing blades may be opened and portable earthing removed single-handedly by a worker from the operational personnel holding group III.
22.1. Overhead lines with a voltage above 1000 V shall be earthed in all switchgear and at the sectionalising switching devices where the line is disconnected. The following is permitted: an overhead line with a voltage of 35 kV and above with branches need not be earthed at the substations connected to these branches, provided that the overhead line is earthed on both sides and, at these substations, earthing is installed beyond the disconnected line disconnectors; an overhead line with a voltage of 6-20 kV may be earthed only in one switchgear or at one sectionalising device, or at the support nearest to the switchgear or sectionalising device. In the other switchgear installations of this voltage and at the sectionalising devices where the overhead line is disconnected, it may be left un-earthed, provided that earthing is installed on the overhead line between the workplace and this switchgear or the sectionalising devices. On overhead lines, such earthing shall be installed on supports that have earthing devices. On overhead lines with a voltage up to 1000 V, it is sufficient to install earthing only at the workplace.
22.2. In addition to the earthing specified in paragraph 22.1 of the Rules, at the workplace of each work team the conductors of all phases and, where necessary, the lightning protection shield wires shall be earthed.
22.3. When installing conductors in an anchor span, and also after connecting the loops at the anchor supports of an assembled section of an overhead line, the conductors (shield wires) shall be earthed at the initial anchor support and at one of the final intermediate supports (before the final anchor support).
22.4. It shall not be permitted to earth the conductors (shield wires) at the final anchor support of an assembled anchor span or of an assembled section of an overhead line, to prevent the transfer of potential from lightning discharges and other overvoltages from the conductors (shield wires) of the completed section of the overhead line to its next section being assembled.
22.5. On overhead lines with bundle conductors, only one conductor in each phase may be earthed; where insulating spacers are present, all conductors of the phase shall be earthed.
22.6. On single-circuit overhead lines, earthing at the workplaces shall be installed on the support on which work is being carried out or on the adjacent one. Earthing may be installed on both sides of the section of the overhead line on which the work team is operating, provided that the distance between the earthing points does not exceed 2 km.
22.7. When working on a lightning protection shield wire insulated from the support, or on the structure of the support, where it is necessary to approach this shield wire to a distance of less than 1 m, the shield wire shall be earthed. The earthing shall be installed towards the span in which the shield wire is insulated, or in the span at the place where the work is carried out. The earthing down-conductor shall be disconnected from and connected to a lightning protection shield wire insulated from earth after the shield wire has first been earthed. If ice melting is provided for on this shield wire, before the start of work the shield wire shall be disconnected and earthed on those sides from which the supply of voltage to it is not excluded.
22.8. Portable earthing shall be connected on metal supports - to their elements; on reinforced-concrete and wooden supports with earthing down-conductors - to these down-conductors after checking their integrity. On reinforced-concrete supports that have no earthing down-conductors, earthing may be connected to the cross-arms and other metal elements of the support that are in contact with the earthing device. In electrical networks with a voltage up to 1000 V with an earthed neutral, where there is re-earthing of the neutral conductor, portable earthing may be connected to this neutral conductor. The points of connection of portable earthing to the earthing conductors or to structures shall be cleared of paint. At the workplace, portable earthing may be connected to an earth electrode driven vertically into the ground to a depth of not less than 0.5 m. The installation of earth electrodes in random heaps of soil shall be prohibited.
22.9. On overhead lines with a voltage up to 1000 V, when work is carried out from supports or from a telescopic tower without an insulating link, earthing shall be installed both on the conductors of the line being repaired and on all conductors suspended on these supports, including the bare conductors of radio broadcasting and telemechanics lines.
22.10. On overhead lines disconnected for repair, portable earthing shall be installed and then removed, and the earthing blades present on the supports shall be closed, by workers from the operational personnel: one holding electrical safety group IV (on overhead lines with a voltage above 1000 V) or electrical safety group III (on overhead lines with a voltage up to 1000 V), the second holding electrical safety group III. The use of a second worker holding electrical safety group III from the repair personnel is permitted and, on overhead lines supplying a consumer, from the consumer's personnel. The earthing blades may be opened by one worker holding electrical safety group III from the operational personnel. At the workplaces on overhead lines, portable earthing may be installed by the performing authority together with a work team member holding electrical safety group III. This portable earthing may be removed, on the instruction of the performing authority, by two work team members holding electrical safety group III.
22.11. On overhead lines, when checking for the absence of voltage and installing and removing earthing, one of the two workers shall remain on the ground and keep watch over the other.
22.12. The requirements for installing earthing on overhead lines when working in a span crossing other overhead lines, on one disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line, on overhead lines under induced voltage and during phase-by-phase repair are set out in Chapter XXXVIII of the Rules.
23.1. In electrical installations, the posters "Earthed" shall be displayed on the drives of disconnectors, disconnecting switches and load switches, the erroneous closing of which does not exclude the supply of voltage to the earthed section of the electrical installation, and on the keys and buttons of the remote control of switching devices. With remote control from the automated workstation of the operational personnel, the symbol of the poster "Earthed" is shown next to the graphic symbol of the corresponding switching device on the automated-workstation diagram.
23.2. For the temporary fencing-off of the current-carrying parts that remain under voltage, boards, screens and shields made of insulating materials shall be used. When installing temporary barriers without removing the voltage, the distance from them to the current-carrying parts shall be not less than that specified in Table No. 1. In electrical installations with a voltage of 6-10 kV, this distance may be reduced to 0.35 m. The temporary barriers shall bear the inscriptions "Stop! Voltage!" or have the corresponding posters affixed to them. The fencing-off of workplaces is carried out with boards, screens, barriers or a cord made of natural or synthetic fibres (leaving a passage) and by displaying on them the posters "Stop! Voltage" facing the inside of the fenced-off space.
23.3. In electrical installations with a voltage up to 20 kV, in cases where the current-carrying parts cannot be fenced off with boards, the use of insulating pads placed between the disconnected current-carrying parts and those under voltage (for example, between the contacts of a disconnected disconnector) is permitted. These pads may touch the current-carrying parts that are under voltage. Insulating pads shall be installed on and removed from the current-carrying parts of electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V by two workers with electrical safety groups IV and III, using dielectric gloves and insulating rods or tongs. The installation and removal of pads in electrical installations up to 1000 V may be carried out by one worker with an electrical safety group not lower than III, using dielectric gloves.
23.4. On the barriers of cells, on cabinets and panels adjacent to the workplace, the posters "Stop! Voltage" shall be displayed.
23.5. In outdoor switchgear, for work carried out from the ground and on equipment installed on foundations and separate structures, the workplace shall be fenced off (leaving a driveway and a passage) with a rope, line or cord made of natural or synthetic fibres, with the posters "Stop! Voltage" displayed on them facing the inside of the fenced-off space. Structures not included in the work area may be used to suspend the rope, provided that they remain outside the fenced-off space. When the voltage is removed from the entire outdoor switchgear, with the exception of the line disconnectors, the latter shall be fenced off with a rope bearing the posters "Stop! Voltage" facing the outside of the fenced-off space. In outdoor switchgear, for work carried out under an instruction in secondary systems, it is not required to fence off the workplace.
23.6. In outdoor switchgear, on the sections of structures along which one can pass from the workplace to the adjoining sections that are under voltage, clearly visible posters "Stop! Voltage" shall be installed. These posters may be installed by a worker holding group III from the repair personnel under the supervision of the person granting admission. On the structures adjoining the one that may be climbed, the poster "Do not climb! It will kill" shall be displayed at the bottom. On the fixed ladders and structures which may be climbed to carry out work, the poster "Climb here!" shall be displayed.
23.7. At the prepared workplaces in electrical installations (on the equipment on which work is to be carried out, and also at the point of entry into the fenced-off workplace), the poster "Work here" shall be displayed.
23.8. It shall not be permitted to remove or reposition, before the complete completion of the work, the posters and barriers installed during preparation of the workplaces by the person granting admission, except in the cases stipulated in the "Special instructions" column of the permit to work.
24.1. In outdoor switchgear and on overhead lines with a voltage of 330 kV and above, protection of the workers against the biologically active electric field, which is capable of having an adverse effect on the human body and of causing the appearance of electric discharges upon contact with earthed or earth-insulated electrically conductive objects, shall be ensured.
24.2. In electrical installations of all voltages, protection of the workers against the biologically active magnetic field, which is capable of having an adverse effect on the human body, shall be ensured. For this purpose, collective and individual protective equipment is used, manufactured with the use of technologies based on screening and meeting the requirements of the sanitary standards.
24.3. The electric and magnetic fields whose strength exceeds the permissible value are biologically active.
24.4. The maximum permissible level of the strength of the affecting electric field (EF) is 25 kV/m. Presence in the EF at a strength level exceeding 25 kV/m without the use of individual protective equipment shall not be permitted. At EF strength levels above 20 up to 25 kV/m, the time of presence of personnel in the EF shall not exceed 10 min. At an EF strength level above 5 up to 20 kV/m, the permissible time of presence of personnel is calculated by the formula: T = 50 / E - 2, where: E is the strength level of the affecting EF, kV/m; T is the permissible time of presence of personnel, hours. At an EF strength level not exceeding 5 kV/m, the presence of personnel in the EF is permitted throughout the entire working day (8 h). The permissible time of presence in the electric field may be taken in a single period or in parts during the working day. During the remaining working time, protective equipment against the electromagnetic field shall be used, or one shall remain in an EF with a strength up to 5 kV/m.
24.5. The permissible field strength (H) or flux density (B) of the magnetic field for conditions of general (whole-body) and local (to the extremities) exposure, depending on the duration of presence in the magnetic field, is determined in accordance with Table No. 3.
The permissible levels of the magnetic field within the time intervals are determined by interpolation.
24.6. Where it is necessary for workers to be present in zones with different magnetic field strengths, the total time of performing work in these zones shall not exceed the maximum permissible time for the zone with the highest strength.
24.7. The permissible time of presence in the magnetic field may be taken in a single period or in fractions during the working day. When the work and rest schedule is changed (shift work), the maximum permissible level of the magnetic field shall not exceed the level established for an 8-hour working day.
24.8. Monitoring of the levels of the electric and magnetic fields shall be carried out during: the commissioning of new electrical installations and the expansion and reconstruction of existing electrical installations; the fitting-out of premises for the permanent or temporary presence of personnel located in the vicinity of electrical installations (only for the magnetic field); the assessment of workplaces according to working conditions.
24.9. The levels of the electric and magnetic fields shall be determined throughout the entire zone where personnel may be present in the course of performing work, on the routes to the workplaces and for the inspection of equipment. Measurements of the EF strength shall be carried out: for work without climbing onto equipment and structures - at a height of 1.8 m above the surface of the ground, the slab of the cable duct (tray), the equipment servicing platform or the floor of the room; for work with climbing onto equipment and structures - at heights of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.8 m above the floor of the workplace platform (for example, the floor of the lift cradle) and at a distance of 0.5 m from the earthed current-carrying parts of the equipment. Measurements of the strength (flux density) of the magnetic field shall be carried out at heights of 0.5, 1.5 and 1.8 m above the floor of the workplace platform, the surface of the ground, the floor of the room and the decking of the transition bridges and, where the source of the magnetic field is beneath the workplace, additionally at the level of the floor of the workplace platform.
24.10. Measurements of the strength (flux density) of the magnetic field shall be carried out at the maximum operating current of the electrical installation, or the measured values shall be recalculated to the maximum operating current (Imax) by multiplying the measured values by the ratio Imax / I, where I is the current in the source of the magnetic field at the moment of measurement. The strength (flux density) of the magnetic field is measured in production premises with the permanent presence of workers located at a distance of less than 20 metres from the live parts of electrical installations, including those separated from them by a wall.
24.11. As means of protection against the effects of the electric field (EP), protective equipment complying with the requirements of the technical regulations and the national (interstate) standards shall be used: in outdoor switchgear (ORU) - stationary screening devices and screening sets certified in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation; on overhead lines (VL) - screening sets certified in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. In earthed cabins and bodies of machines, mechanisms, mobile workshops and laboratories, and also in reinforced-concrete buildings, in brick buildings with reinforced-concrete floors, a metal frame or an earthed metal roof, the electric field is absent, and the use of protective equipment is not required.
24.12. The use of screening sets shall not be permitted for work that does not preclude the possibility of touching live parts under a voltage up to 1000 V, and also during testing of equipment (for workers directly carrying out testing with elevated voltage) and during electric-welding work.
24.13. When working on sections of switched-off live parts of electrical installations, they shall be earthed to remove the induced potential. Touching switched-off but not earthed live parts without protective equipment shall not be permitted. Repair fixtures and tooling that may turn out to be insulated from earth shall also be earthed.
24.14. Machines and mechanisms on pneumatic-tyred running gear that are within the influence zone of the electric field shall be earthed. When they are moved within this zone, a metal chain connected to the chassis or body and touching the ground shall be used to remove the induced potential.
24.15. The refuelling of machines and mechanisms with fuel and lubricants within the influence zone of the electric field shall not be permitted.
24.16. As measures of protection against the effects of the magnetic field, stationary or portable magnetic screens shall be used. The workplaces and the movement routes of workers shall be located at such distances from the sources of the magnetic field that compliance with the requirements provided for by paragraph 24.5 of the Rules is ensured.
24.17. Zones of electrical installations with magnetic-field levels above 80 A/m and electric-field levels above 5 kV/m shall be marked with warning inscriptions and signs. Zones of electrical installations with magnetic- and electric-field levels above the maximum permissible values, in which even short-term presence of workers shall not be permitted, shall be fenced off. Maps of the strength of the electric and magnetic fields shall be kept at the workplaces of the operational personnel servicing the electrical installations.
24.18. Additional safety measures for work within the influence zone of the electric and magnetic fields shall be recorded in the "Special Instructions" line of the permit to work.
25.1. A rotating unexcited generator with the automatic field-suppression device (hereinafter - AGP) switched off shall be regarded as being energised (except in the case of rotation by the turning gear).
25.2. During testing of the generator, the installation and removal of special short-circuiting jumpers on sections of its circuit or of the unit circuit shall be carried out after they have been earthed. The installation and removal of special short-circuiting jumpers at the operating rotational speed may be carried out using protective equipment after the excitation of the generator has been removed and the AGP switched off.
25.3. At each power station, earthing schemes for the generator shall be approved that take into account the type of the generator excitation system, the diagrams of the generator-voltage switchgear (RU), the unit circuit and the generator neutral circuit. The supply of voltage into the rotor winding from the initial excitation circuit shall be prevented.
25.4. In the stator circuits of a rotating unexcited generator with the AGP device switched off, the value of the residual voltage may be measured and the phase sequence determined. This work shall be performed by workers of electrical laboratories and commissioning organisations using electrical protective equipment, in accordance with a permit to work or an order, under the supervision of operational personnel.
25.5. Measurements of the voltage on the shaft and of the insulation resistance of the rotor of an operating generator may be performed, under an order, by two workers holding electrical safety groups IV and III.
25.6. The turning and grinding of the slip rings of the rotor and the grinding of the commutator of the exciter of a generator withdrawn for repair may be performed, under an order, by a worker from among the non-electrical personnel under the supervision of a worker holding electrical safety group III. During the work, face and eye protection against mechanical impacts shall be used.
25.7. The brush gear on an operating generator may be serviced single-handedly, under an order, by a worker trained for this purpose and holding group III, provided that the possibility of the occurrence of a single-pole earth fault or an inter-pole short circuit is excluded. In doing so, the following precautions shall be observed: work in a protective helmet using face and eye protection, in fastened workwear, taking care that it is not caught by the rotating parts of the machine; use dielectric galoshes, mats or dielectric gloves if there is a possibility of accidental contact of parts of the body with earthed parts; do not touch simultaneously with the hands the live parts of two poles or live and earthed parts.
26.1. During operation of the electrolysis installation (hereinafter - ElU), the formation of an explosive mixture of hydrogen with oxygen or with air shall not be permitted.
26.2. The operation of the electrolysers shall not be permitted if the liquid level in the sight glasses of the pressure regulators is not visible. The maximum permissible pressure differential between the hydrogen and oxygen systems shall not exceed 1961.4 Pa (200 mm water column).
26.3. Repair work on the hydrogen gas pipelines, receivers and apparatus of the electrolysis installation shall be carried out under a permit to work. If the work does not require the performance of technical actions for the preparation of workplaces, it may be carried out under an order under the supervision of the operational personnel servicing that installation.
26.4. Work with open flame on the receivers and on the supply and discharge pipelines at a distance of less than 10 metres from them, and work on equipment in the ElU room, shall be carried out under a permit to work. The fire-safety measures ensuring the safety of the work are recorded in the "Special Instructions" column of the permit to work. Work with flame directly on the bodies of equipment and on pipelines filled with hydrogen shall not be permitted.
26.5. The apparatus and pipelines of the ElU (except the receivers) shall be purged with nitrogen before start-up, the requirements for which are established by the relevant normative documents. The purging of these apparatus with carbon dioxide shall not be permitted. The receivers of the ElU may be purged with nitrogen or carbon dioxide in accordance with the normative documents. If internal inspection is necessary, one receiver or a group of them shall be purged with carbon dioxide or nitrogen to remove hydrogen, disconnected from the other groups of receivers by shut-off valves and metal blanks having tails projecting beyond the flanges, and then purged with clean air. The purging of the receivers with inert gas, air and hydrogen shall be continued until the concentrations of the components indicated in Table No. 4 are reached in them. Where technical-grade carbon dioxide, which contains up to 0.05 per cent carbon monoxide, is used for purging the receivers, it shall be stored separately from food-grade carbon dioxide.
26.6. When the ElU is shut down for more than 4 hours, purging of its apparatus and pipelines with nitrogen is mandatory. In the case of a shutdown for 1 to 4 hours, the system may be left under a hydrogen or oxygen pressure within (9.807 - 19.614) x 10^3 Pa (0.1 - 0.2 kgf/cm2). When the installation is shut down for less than 1 hour, the equipment may be left under the nominal gas pressure, and in this case the alarm for the increased pressure difference in the hydrogen and oxygen pressure regulators shall not be switched off. Purging with nitrogen is mandatory if the shutdown is associated with a disturbance of the process regime or if, after the shutdown, it is necessary to pump the electrolyte out of the electrolyser.
26.7. When carrying out welding or repair work involving the opening of ElU equipment, purging shall be continued until the complete absence of hydrogen at the point that is final along its course.
26.8. Work with open flame in the ElU room may be carried out after the installation has been shut down, an analysis of the air for the absence of hydrogen has been carried out, and continuous ventilation has been ensured. To carry out work with open flame on the apparatus of an ElU under repair when there is another operating ElU in the same room, the pipelines of the operating ElU shall be disconnected from the one under repair and blanks with tails shall be installed. The place where the open-flame work is carried out shall be fenced off with screens. Repair work on apparatus filled with hydrogen shall be prohibited.
26.9. Frozen pipelines and gate valves may be thawed only with steam or hot water. Gas leakage from the joints may be detected by special leak detectors or by means of a soap solution. The use of open flame for thawing and for detecting leaks shall be prohibited.
26.10. Smoking and the use of open flame, electric heating appliances and portable lamps with a voltage above 12 V in the ElU room and near the receivers shall be prohibited. For internal lighting of the apparatus during their inspection and repair, portable luminaires of explosion-proof design with a voltage of not more than 12 V, protected by metal mesh guards, shall be used.
26.11. Inside the ElU room and on the doors, safety signs prohibiting the use of open flame shall be posted; in accordance with the normative documents in force, the inscriptions "Hydrogen. Flammable" shall be made on the hydrogen receivers.
26.12. The storage of highly flammable explosive substances in the ElU room shall not be permitted.
26.13. When working with the electrolyte, special protective clothing and eye, hand and foot protection against chemical agents shall be used, as provided for by the standard norms for the free issue of special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment to workers of organisations of the electric-power industry engaged in work with harmful and (or) hazardous working conditions, and also in work performed under special temperature conditions or associated with contamination. Contact of liquid or solid alkali with the skin, hair or eyes shall not be permitted.
26.14. An electrolyte sample for measuring the density shall be taken only with the pressure released.
26.15. Touching the electrolysers, especially the end plates, without protective equipment shall be prohibited. The ingress of alkali onto the insulating bushings of the tie bolts and onto the insulators beneath the monopolar plates shall be prevented. Rubber dielectric mats shall be provided on the floor at the electrolysers.
26.16. The equipment and pipelines of the ElU, the receivers and the pipelines from the receivers to the machine hall shall form a continuous electrical circuit throughout their length and shall be connected to earthing devices. Within the ElU, the apparatus and pipelines shall be earthed in not less than two places.
26.17. The operation of the air lines from the ElU to the gas posts, and also of the pipelines of the gas-oil cooling system of the generators, shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the normative documents in force.
26.18. For checking the safety valves, the ElU shall be shut down and purged with nitrogen. Testing of the valves during operation of the ElU shall be prohibited.
26.19. The tightening of the bolts and nuts of apparatus and fittings that are under pressure shall be prohibited. Hoses and fittings shall be securely fixed.
26.20. The start-up of the ElU after installation, major repair or prolonged shutdown shall be carried out under the supervision of a responsible engineering and technical worker.
27.1. If work on an electric motor or on the mechanism driven by it involves touching live and rotating parts, the electric motor shall be switched off, with performance of the technical actions provided for by the Rules that prevent its erroneous switching-on. In this case, for a two-speed electric motor, both supply circuits of the stator windings shall be disconnected and dismantled. Work not involving touching the live or rotating parts of the electric motor and of the mechanism driven by it may be carried out on a running electric motor. The removal of the guards of the rotating parts of a running electric motor and mechanism shall be prohibited.
27.2. When working on an electric motor, the installation of earthing at any section of the cable line (KL) connecting the electric motor to the switchgear (RU) section, board or assembly is permitted. In this case, the possibility of installing earthing shall be reflected in the relevant instructions of the organisations for the safe performance of work on electric motors (taking into account the requirements of paragraph 7.8). If the work on the electric motor is planned for a period of more than 1 day, is not being performed, or has been interrupted, the cable line disconnected from it shall also be earthed on the electric-motor side. In cases where the cross-section of the cable cores does not permit the use of portable earthing devices, for electric motors with a voltage up to 1000 V it is permitted to earth the cable line with a copper conductor of a cross-section not less than that of the cable core, or to connect the cable cores together and insulate them. Such earthing or connection of the cable cores shall be recorded in the operational documentation on a par with portable earthing.
27.3. Before admission to work on electric motors capable of rotation due to the mechanisms connected to them (smoke exhausters, fans, pumps), the handwheels of the shut-off valves (gate valves, valves, gates) shall be locked. In addition, measures shall be taken to brake the rotors of the electric motors or to disengage the coupling clutches. The necessary operations with the shut-off valves shall be agreed with the shift supervisor of the process shop or section, with an entry in the operational log.
27.4. Before the start of work under a permit to work or an order, the voltage shall be removed from the circuits of manual remote and automatic control of the electric drives of the shut-off valves and guide vanes. On the handwheels of the gate valves, dampers and valves, the posters "Do not open! People working" shall be posted, and on the keys and control buttons of the electric drives of the shut-off valves - "Do not switch on! People working". When the voltage is removed from the circuits of manual remote and automatic control of the electric drives of the shut-off valves and guide vanes in connection with the conduct of the process, the posters on the handwheels of the gate valves, dampers and valves and on the keys and control buttons of the electric drives of the shut-off valves shall be posted by the admitting personnel of the shop or section carrying out the process, designated from among the operational or operational-repair personnel.
27.5. On electric motors of the same type as, or of a similar size to, the motor on which work is to be performed and installed next to it, the poster "Stop! Voltage" shall be posted, regardless of whether they are in operation or stopped.
27.6. Work under a single permit to work on electric motors of the same voltage of units, process lines and installations withdrawn for repair may be carried out under the conditions provided for by paragraph 6.9 of the Rules. Admission to all the previously prepared workplaces may be carried out simultaneously; formalisation of the transfer from one workplace to another is not required. In this case, the testing or putting into operation of any of the electric motors listed in the permit to work shall be prohibited until the work on the other electric motors has been fully completed.
27.7. The procedure for switching on the electric motor for testing shall be as follows: the performing authority removes the work team from the work site, formalises the completion of the work and hands the permit to work over to the operational personnel; the operational personnel remove the installed earthing devices and posters and assemble the circuit. After testing, if it is necessary to continue the work on the electric motor, the operational personnel again prepare the workplace, and the work team is re-admitted to work on the electric motor under the permit to work.
27.8. Work on a rotating electric motor without contact with live and rotating parts may be carried out under an order.
27.9. The brush gear on an operating electric motor may be serviced, under an order, by a worker trained for this purpose and holding group III, subject to the observance of the following precautions: work using face and eye protection, in fastened workwear, taking care that it is not caught by the rotating parts of the electric motor; use dielectric galoshes (overboots) and mats; do not touch simultaneously with the hands the live parts of two poles or live and earthed parts. The rotor rings may be ground on a rotating electric motor only with the aid of blocks of insulating material.
27.10. The labour-protection instructions shall set out in detail the requirements for the preparation of the workplace and the organisation of the safe performance of work on electric motors, taking into account the types of electrical machines used, the features of the starting-and-control devices, and the specifics of the mechanisms and process diagrams.
28.1. Admission to work on a switching device is permitted after the technical actions provided for by the Rules that ensure the safety of the work have been carried out, including the actions that prevent the erroneous operation of the switching device.
28.2. Climbing onto an air-blast circuit breaker that is under working pressure is permitted only during the performance of commissioning work and during tests. Climbing onto a switched-off air-blast circuit breaker with an air-filled disconnector, when the disconnector is under working pressure, shall be prohibited.
28.3. Before climbing onto an air-blast circuit breaker for testing or commissioning, the following shall be done: disconnect the control circuits; block the local control button or the starting valves by installing special plugs, or lock the cabinets and station near the circuit breaker an instructed member of the work team who would allow only one specified worker to operate the circuit breaker (after the operating current has been supplied), as directed by the performing authority. While workers are on an air-blast circuit breaker that is under pressure, all work in the control cabinets and distribution cabinets shall be stopped. The terminals of a circuit breaker with a voltage of 220 kV and above at operating substations shall be earthed to remove the induced voltage.
28.4. Before admission to work involving the presence of people inside the air receivers, the following shall be done: close the gate valves on all the air lines through which the supply of air is provided, lock their drives (handwheels) with a chain and padlock, and post on the drives of the gate valves the poster "Do not open! People working"; release from the air receivers the air that is under excess pressure, leaving the drain valve, plug or gate valve open; disconnect the air-supply lines from the air receivers and install blanks on them.
28.5. Zero readings of the pressure gauges on the circuit breakers and air receivers cannot serve as a reliable indication of the absence of compressed-air pressure. Before unscrewing the bolts and nuts on the covers of the hatches and manholes of the air receivers, the performing authority shall personally make sure that the drain gate valves, plugs or valves are in the open position, to establish the actual absence of compressed air. The drain gate valves and plugs (valves) may be closed only after all the bolts and nuts securing the covers of the hatches (manholes) have been screwed in.
28.6. During the switching-off and switching-on of air-blast circuit breakers in the course of testing, commissioning and tests, the presence of workers near the circuit breakers shall be prohibited. The performing authority shall give the command to perform operations with the circuit breaker after the members of the work team have been moved away from the circuit breaker to a safe distance or into a shelter.
28.7. For trial switching-on and switching-off of a switching device during its commissioning and adjustment, while the permit to work has not been handed over, temporary supply of voltage to the operating-current circuits and the power circuits of the drive, as well as the supply of air to the circuit breakers, is permitted. The installation of the removed fuses, the switching-on of the tripped circuit breakers and the opening of the gate valves to supply air, as well as the removal of the safety posters for the duration of the testing, shall be carried out by the operational personnel. The operations for testing the switching device may be carried out by the performing authority, if permission for this has been obtained from the issuing authority and confirmed by an entry in the "Special Instructions" line of the permit to work, or by the operational personnel at the request of the performing authority. After testing, if it is necessary to continue the work on the switching device, the technical actions required for the admission of the work team to work shall be carried out by the operational personnel. In electrical installations that do not have local operational personnel, repeated permission for the preparation of the workplace and admission to work after testing of the switching device is not required for the performing authority.
29.1. When working on the equipment of a truck or in a compartment of a metal-enclosed switchgear (KRU) cabinet, it is necessary to withdraw the truck with the equipment to the repair position; to lock the shutter of the compartment in which the live parts have remained energised and to post the safety poster "Stop! Voltage"; to post the poster "Work here" on the truck or in the compartment where work is to be carried out.
29.2. When working outside the metal-enclosed switchgear on equipment connected to it or on outgoing overhead lines and cable lines, it is necessary to withdraw the truck with the circuit breaker to the repair position from the cabinet; to lock the shutter or doors and to post on them the posters "Do not switch on! People working" or "Do not switch on! Work on the line". In this case it is permitted: if there is an interlock between the earthing switches and the truck with the circuit breaker, to place the truck in the test position after these switches have been closed; if there is no such interlock or no earthing switches in the metal-enclosed switchgear cabinets, to place the truck in an intermediate position between the test and repair positions, provided that it is locked. The placing of the truck in the intermediate position is permitted irrespective of the presence of earthing on the connection. When installing earthing in the metal-enclosed switchgear cabinet in the case of work on outgoing overhead lines, the requirements provided for by paragraph 22.1 of the Rules shall be taken into account.
29.3. The withdrawable truck of the metal-enclosed switchgear with power fuses may be operated while energised but without load.
29.4. The truck with the circuit breaker may be placed in the test position for testing and for work in the control and protection circuits in those cases where work outside the metal-enclosed switchgear on the outgoing overhead lines, cable-overhead lines (KVL) and cable lines, or on the equipment connected to them, including mechanisms coupled to electric motors, is not being carried out, or where earthing has been installed in the metal-enclosed switchgear cabinet.
29.5. In switchgear equipped with vacuum circuit breakers, testing of the arc-quenching chambers with elevated voltage of an amplitude value above 20 kV shall be carried out using a special screen to protect workers from the X-ray radiation that arises.
30.1. When working on the equipment of transformer substations (TP) and packaged transformer substations (KTP) without switching off the supply line with a voltage above 1000 V, only those inspections, repairs and maintenance are permitted that can be performed standing on the platform and provided that the distances to the live parts under voltage indicated in Table No. 1 are observed. If these distances are less than the permissible ones, the work shall be carried out with the live parts of a voltage above 1000 V switched off and earthed.
30.2. Admission to work on pole-mounted transformer substations and packaged transformer substations of the kiosk type, irrespective of the presence or absence of voltage on the line, shall be carried out only after first switching off the switching devices with a voltage up to 1000 V, then the line disconnector with a voltage above 1000 V, and applying earthing to the live parts of the substation. If the supply of 380/220 V voltage is not excluded, the lines of this voltage shall be switched off from the opposite supply side, measures shall be taken against their erroneous or spontaneous switching-on, and at the substation earthing shall be applied to these lines up to the switching devices.
30.3. On pole-mounted transformer substations, switching points and other devices that have no enclosures, the drives of the disconnectors and load switches, the cabinets with a voltage above 1000 V and the boards with a voltage up to 1000 V shall be locked. The fixed ladders at the servicing platform shall be interlocked with the disconnectors and locked.
31.1. The inspection of power transformers (hereinafter - transformers) and of oil-immersed shunt and arc-suppression reactors (hereinafter - reactors) shall be carried out directly from the ground or from fixed ladders with handrails, observing the distances to the live parts indicated in Table No. 1.
31.2. The inspection of the gas relay after it has operated to signal, and the sampling of gas from the gas relay of an operating transformer (reactor), shall be carried out after the transformer (reactor) has been unloaded and switched off.
31.3. Work involving the removal of the active part from the transformer (reactor) tank or the lifting of the bell shall be carried out in accordance with a work execution project specially developed for the local conditions.
31.4. Work inside the tanks of a transformer (reactor) may be performed only by specially trained workers and specialists who are well acquainted with the movement paths that preclude falling and injury during the performance of the work or the inspection of the active part. The workwear of those working shall be clean and convenient for movement, shall have no metal fasteners, and shall protect the body from overheating and from contamination with oil. Work inside the transformer (reactor) shall be performed in a protective helmet and gloves. Rubber boots shall be used as footwear.
31.5. Before entering the transformer, it shall be ensured that the nitrogen or other gases have been completely removed from the tank and that sufficient ventilation of the tank has been carried out, with the oxygen content of the air in the tank being not less than 20 per cent. The work shall be carried out under a permit to work by three workers, two of whom shall be standby attendants. They shall be positioned at the inspection hatch or, if there is none, at the opening for installing the bushing, holding the rope of the safety harness of the worker working inside the transformer, with whom constant communication shall be maintained. If necessary, the worker performing work inside the transformer shall be provided with a hose breathing apparatus. The performing authority shall in this case hold electrical safety group IV.
31.6. Lighting during work inside the transformer shall be provided by portable luminaires with a voltage of not more than 12 V, with a protective mesh and only of factory-made design, or by battery lamps. In this case, the isolating transformer for the portable luminaire shall be installed outside the transformer tank.
31.7. If, during the work, dried air (with a dew point not above -40 degrees C) is supplied into the tank, the total time that each worker spends inside the transformer shall not exceed 4 hours per day.
31.8. Work on the regeneration of transformer oil, its drying, cleaning and degassing shall be carried out using protective clothing and footwear.
31.9. During the draining and filling of transformer oil in power transformers with a voltage of 110 kV and above, the bushings of the transformers shall be earthed to prevent the appearance of an electrostatic charge on them.
32.1. The use of the busbars in the primary-winding circuit of the current transformers as current-carrying elements during installation and welding work shall be prohibited.
32.2. Until the installation of the secondary circuits, the electrical measuring instruments, and the relay-protection and electrical-automation devices has been completed, the secondary windings of the current transformers shall be short-circuited.
32.3. When checking the polarity of the secondary windings, the instrument indicating the polarity shall be connected to the terminals of the secondary winding before an impulse is supplied to the primary winding of the current transformers.
33.1. The performance of work that disrupts the protective earthing on the pipelines of energised electric boilers shall be prohibited.
33.2. Before carrying out work involving the disconnection of a pipeline (replacement of a gate valve or a section of pipe), a reliable electrical connection of the parts of the pipeline being disconnected shall be made by means of electric welding. Where there is a bypass around the break point, such a connection is not required.
33.3. The casing of an electric boiler with an insulated body shall be locked. The casing may be opened only after the voltage has been removed from the boiler.
33.4. Electric steam boilers with a working pressure above 0.07 MPa and water-heating boilers with a water-heating temperature above 115 degrees C shall be operated in accordance with the requirements of the industrial-safety rules for hazardous production facilities that use equipment operating under excess pressure.
34.1. Work on electrostatic precipitators shall be carried out under a permit to work, including work on the electrical equipment of the rapping mechanisms and other work inside the electrostatic precipitators and the gas ducts.
34.2. Inspections and maintenance of electrostatic precipitators shall be organised on the basis of the labour-protection instructions of the relevant organisations, which take into account the features of the specific ash-collecting installation. The instructions shall regulate the procedure for issuing permits to work and for admission to work on electrostatic precipitators, depending on the distribution of duties between the shops and subdivisions of the organisation. The instructions shall take into account the requirements of the Rules.
34.3. The switching-on of the rapping mechanisms for testing and adjustment while workers are inside the electrostatic precipitator shall be prohibited, unless this is stipulated in the "Special Instructions" line of the permit to work.
34.4. When carrying out work in any section of the electrostatic precipitator, on the reserve busbar or on any of the supply cables of the section, all the supply units and cables of the remaining sections shall be switched off and earthed.
34.5. After the electrostatic precipitator has been switched off, the static charge shall be removed from it and from the supply cables by earthing the electrical units. Touching the unearthed parts of the electrostatic precipitator shall be prohibited.
35.1. The battery room shall be locked. Keys are issued to the workers inspecting these rooms and carrying out work in them on the general basis.
35.2. Smoking in the battery room, entering it with a naked flame, and the use of electric heating appliances, apparatus and tools that may produce a spark shall be prohibited, except for the performance of the work specified in paragraph 35.11 of the Rules. The doors of the battery room shall bear the inscriptions "Battery room", "Flammable", "No smoking", or the corresponding safety signs prohibiting the use of a naked flame and smoking shall be posted.
35.3. In battery rooms, the supply-and-exhaust ventilation shall be switched on before the start of charging and switched off no earlier than 1.5 hours after the completion of charging.
35.4. In each battery room, for the types of storage batteries that require work on the preparation of electrolyte to be carried out during operation, there shall be: a glass or porcelain (polyethylene) mug with a spout (or a jug) with a capacity of 1.5-2 l for mixing the electrolyte and topping it up in the vessels; a neutralising 2.5 per cent solution of baking soda for acid batteries and a 10 per cent solution of boric acid or acetic essence (one part to eight parts of water) for alkaline batteries; water for washing the hands; a towel.
35.5. All vessels containing electrolyte, distilled water and neutralising solutions shall bear the corresponding inscriptions, and their names shall be indicated.
35.6. Acid shall be stored in glass carboys with ground-glass stoppers, provided with tags bearing the name of the acid. Carboys with acid and empty carboys shall be kept in a separate room adjoining the storage battery. Carboys shall be placed on the floor in baskets or wooden slatted crates.
35.7. Work with acid, alkali and lead shall be performed by specially trained workers.
35.8. Glass carboys with acids and alkalis shall be carried by two workers. A carboy together with its basket shall be carried in a special wooden box with handles or on special stretchers with an opening in the middle and a lattice into which the carboy together with its basket shall fit to 2/3 of its height.
35.9. When preparing the electrolyte, the acid shall be poured slowly (to avoid intensive heating of the solution) in a thin stream from the mug into a porcelain or other heat-resistant vessel with distilled water. The electrolyte shall be stirred continuously with a glass rod or tube or with a stirrer made of acid-resistant plastic. Preparing the electrolyte by pouring water into the acid shall be prohibited. Water may be topped up into the finished electrolyte.
35.10. When working with acid and alkali, special protective clothing and eye, hand and foot protection against chemical factors shall be worn. Pieces of caustic alkali shall be crushed in a specially designated place, having first wrapped them in sacking.
35.11. Work on the soldering of plates in the battery room may be carried out under the following conditions: soldering may be carried out no earlier than 2 hours after the completion of charging. Batteries operating by the method of continuous trickle charging shall be switched to discharge mode 2 hours before the start of the work; before the start of the work, the room shall be ventilated for 1 hour; during soldering, continuous ventilation of the room shall be carried out; the soldering place shall be fenced off from the rest of the battery with non-combustible screens; to prevent poisoning by lead and its compounds, special precautions shall be taken and the working-day regime shall be determined in accordance with the instructions for the operation and repair of storage batteries. The work shall be carried out under a permit to work.
35.12. The servicing of storage batteries and charging devices shall be performed by specially trained workers holding group III for electrical safety.
36.1. When work is carried out, capacitors shall, before they or their live parts are touched, after the installation has been disconnected from the power source, be discharged regardless of the presence of discharge devices connected to the busbars or built into individual capacitors. The discharge of the capacitors (reduction of the residual voltage to zero) is carried out by short-circuiting the terminals and connecting them to the casing with a metal busbar fitted with an earthing conductor, mounted on an insulating rod.
36.2. The terminals of capacitors shall be short-circuited if they are not connected to electrical circuits but are within the zone of action of an electric field (induced voltage).
36.3. Touching the winding terminals of an asynchronous motor disconnected from the mains that has individual reactive power compensation shall not be permitted until the capacitors have been discharged.
36.4. Touching with bare hands capacitors impregnated with trichlorodiphenyl (TCD) that have a leak shall not be permitted. If TCD gets onto the skin, the skin shall be washed with soap and water; if it gets into the eyes, the eyes shall be rinsed with a weak solution of boric acid or a solution of sodium bicarbonate (one teaspoon of baking soda per glass of water).
37.1. Earthworks on the territory of organisations and populated localities, and also within the protection zones of underground utilities (electrical cables, communication cables, gas pipelines), shall begin only after written permission has been obtained from the management of the organisation, the local authority and the owner of these utilities (respectively). A plan (diagram) of the layout and depth of laying of the utilities (hereinafter - the utilities plan) shall be attached to the permission. The location of the underground utilities shall be indicated by the corresponding signs or inscriptions both on the plan (diagram) and at the place where the work is carried out.
37.2. If cables, pipelines, underground structures, or munitions not marked on the utilities plans are discovered, the earthworks shall be stopped until their ownership has been established and permission to continue the work has been obtained from the relevant organisations.
37.3. Carrying out earth-moving work with machines at a distance of less than 1 m, and with percussion mechanisms at less than 5 m, from the cable route shall be prohibited if this work is not connected with the excavation of the cable. The use of earth-moving machines, jackhammers, crowbars and picks to loosen the soil above the cable is permitted to a depth at which a layer of soil of at least 30 cm remains above the cable. The remaining layer of soil shall be removed manually with spades. Before the start of the excavation of the cable line (CL), a control opening of the line shall be carried out under the supervision of the personnel of the organisation owning the CL.
37.4. In winter, the excavation of soil with spades shall be started only after it has been thawed. In doing so, the heat source may be brought no closer than 15 cm to the cables.
37.5. The site of work on the digging of pits, trenches or holes shall be fenced off taking into account the requirements of the current norms and rules in construction. Warning signs and inscriptions shall be placed on the fencing, and at night - signal lighting.
37.6. When digging trenches in weak or damp soil, where there is a threat of collapse, their walls shall be shored up. In loose soils the work may be carried out without shoring the walls, but with the formation of slopes corresponding to the angle of natural repose of the soil. Soil excavated from a pit or trench shall be placed at a distance of at least 0.5 m from the edge of the excavation. The excavation and shoring of soil in excavations more than 2 m deep shall be carried out in accordance with the work execution plan (WEP).
37.7. In soils of natural moisture content, in the absence of groundwater and in the absence of nearby underground structures, the digging of pits and trenches with vertical walls without shoring is permitted to a depth of no more than 1 m - in filled sandy and coarse-clastic soils, 1.25 m - in sandy loams, 1.5 m - in loams and clays. In dense cohesive soils, the digging of trenches with vertical walls with rotary and trench excavators without installing shoring is permitted to a depth of no more than 3 m. In these cases the descent of workers into the trenches shall be prohibited. At the places in the trench where the presence of workers is necessary, shoring shall be provided or slopes shall be formed. The excavation of frozen soil (except loose soil) is permitted without shoring to the depth of freezing.
37.8. Under conditions differing from those given in paragraph 37.7 of the Rules, pits and trenches shall be excavated with slopes without shoring, or with vertical walls shored up over their full height.
37.9. The shoring of pits and trenches up to 3 m deep shall be of the inventory type and shall be carried out in accordance with standard designs or the WEP.
37.10. The movement, positioning and operation of construction machines and motor vehicles, and the placing of winches, equipment and materials near excavations (pits, trenches, ditches) with unshored slopes, is permitted only outside the soil-collapse prism, at the distance established by the WEP, or at a horizontal distance from the base of the excavation slope to the nearest supporting parts of the machines, equipment, winches and materials referred to above of not less than that specified in Table No. 5.
37.11. Exposed cable joints shall be secured on a board suspended by means of wire or steel rope from beams laid across the trench, and shall be covered with casings. One of the walls of the casing shall be removable and shall be fastened without the use of nails.
37.12. Using neighbouring cables or pipelines to suspend cables shall be prohibited.
37.13. Cables shall be suspended in such a way that their displacement does not occur.
37.14. A safety poster "Stop! Voltage" shall be hung on the casings covering the dug-out cables.
37.15. Before cutting the cable or opening the joints, it shall be ascertained that the work will be carried out on the cable to be repaired, that this cable is disconnected and that the technical measures have been carried out.
37.16. At the workplace, the cable to be repaired is identified: where it is laid in a tunnel, collector or duct - by tracing, by checking the layout against the drawings and diagrams, and by checking the tags; where cables are laid in the ground - by checking their location against the laying drawings. For this purpose, a control trench (pit) shall first be dug across the cables, allowing all the cables to be seen.
37.17. In all cases where there is no visible damage to the cable, a cable-locating device shall be used.
37.18. Before cutting the cable or opening the connecting joint, the absence of voltage shall be checked with a special device consisting of an insulating rod and a steel needle or a cutting tip. On a cable line with a two-way supply, the absence of voltage is checked by puncturing by a remote method from both sides of the point of damage to the cable or the connecting joint. In tunnels, collectors, wells and trenches where several cables are laid, and at other cable structures, the device shall be remotely controlled. The device shall ensure the puncturing or cutting of the sheath through to the cores with short-circuiting of them together and earthing. The cable at the puncturing point shall first be covered with a screen.
37.19. When puncturing the cable, dielectric gloves and means of protection against the thermal hazards of the electric arc (protective clothing, face and eye protection) shall be used, and it shall be done while standing on an insulating base above the trench at the maximum distance from the cable being punctured. The puncturing of the cable shall be performed by two workers: the person granting admission and the performing authority, or the performing authority and the responsible person in charge of the work. One of them, who has undergone special training, directly punctures the cable, while the second observes.
37.20. If, as a result of damage to the cable, all the live cores are exposed, the absence of voltage may be checked directly with a voltage indicator without puncturing the cable.
37.21. For earthing the puncturing device, an earth electrode immersed in the ground to a depth of at least 0.5 m, or the cable armour, may be used. The earthing conductor shall be attached to the armour by means of clamps; the armour under the clamp shall be cleaned. In cases where the armour has undergone corrosion, the attachment of the earthing conductor to the metal sheath of the cable is permitted.
37.22. On the cable lines of power stations and substations where the length and method of laying the cables make it possible, using the drawings, tags and a cable-locating device, to identify precisely the cable to be repaired, it is permitted, at the discretion of the issuing authority, not to puncture the cable before cutting it or opening the joint.
37.23. Opening the connecting joints and cutting the cable in cases where a preliminary puncture is not made shall be done with an earthed tool, wearing dielectric gloves, using means of protection against the thermal hazards of the electric arc and against mechanical impacts, while standing on an insulating base. After a preliminary puncture, the same operations on the cable are permitted to be carried out without the additional safety measures listed.
37.24. Cable compound for filling the joints shall be heated in a special iron vessel with a lid and a spout. Cable compound is removed from an opened tin with a heated knife in the warm season and is chipped off in the cold season. Heating unopened tins of cable compound shall be prohibited.
37.25. When filling the joints with compound, the worker shall be dressed in special clothing, canvas mittens and safety goggles.
37.26. The heating, removal and carrying of a vessel with solder, and also of a vessel with compound, shall be carried out wearing canvas mittens and safety goggles. Passing a vessel with solder or a vessel with compound from hand to hand shall be prohibited; when passing them, they shall be set down on the ground.
37.27. The stirring of the molten compound shall be carried out with a metal stirrer, and the removal of the dross from the surface of the molten solder - with a dry metal spoon. The stirrer and the spoon shall be heated before use.
37.28. In the cold season, connecting and end joints shall be heated before being filled with hot compounds.
37.29. Heating cable compound in cable wells, tunnels and cable structures shall be prohibited.
37.30. When rolling a cable drum, measures shall be taken to prevent parts of clothing from being caught by its protrusions. Before starting the work of rolling the drum, the ends of the cable shall be secured and the nails protruding from the drum shall be removed. A cable drum is permitted to be rolled only on a horizontal surface over firm ground or decking.
37.31. When laying the cable manually, the number of workers shall be such that each is responsible for a section of cable with a mass of no more than 35 kg for men and 15 kg for women. The work shall be carried out wearing canvas mittens.
37.32. During the laying of the cable, standing inside the turning angles, and also supporting the cable by hand at the turns of the route, shall be prohibited. For this purpose, corner rollers shall be installed.
37.33. When warming the cable, the use of transformers with a voltage above 380 V shall be prohibited.
37.34. The relocation of the cable and the carrying of joints shall be done after the cable has been disconnected. The relocation of a cable that is live is permitted under the following conditions: the cable being relocated shall have a temperature of not less than 5 degrees C; the joints on the section of cable being relocated shall be secured with clamps on boards; dielectric gloves shall be used for the work, over which canvas mittens shall be worn to protect against mechanical damage; the work shall be performed by workers experienced in laying, under the supervision of the responsible person in charge of the work holding group V for electrical safety in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, and of the performing authority holding group IV for electrical safety in electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V.
37.35. Work in underground cable structures, and also their inspection with descent into them, shall be performed under a permit to work by at least three workers, two of whom are safety attendants. Visual and/or voice communication shall be established between the workers carrying out the work and the safety attendants. The performing authority shall hold group IV for electrical safety. At power stations and substations, the inspection of collectors and tunnels that are not classified as gas-hazardous is permitted to be carried out by order, by one worker holding group III for electrical safety, provided there is stable communication (telephone, radio station).
37.36. Each shop (area, section) shall have a list of gas-hazardous underground structures approved by the head of the organisation, with which the operational personnel shall be familiarised. Gas-hazardous underground structures shall be marked on the plan. The hatches and doors of gas-hazardous premises shall be securely locked and shall bear signs in accordance with the state standard.
37.37. Before the start of and during work in an underground structure, natural or forced ventilation shall be provided and an analysis of the oxygen content of the air shall be taken, which shall be at least 20 per cent. Natural ventilation is created by opening at least two hatches with the installation near them of special canopies directing the air flows. Before the start of the work, the duration of natural ventilation shall be at least 20 minutes. Forced ventilation is provided by a fan or compressor for 10-15 minutes for a complete change of air in the underground structure by means of a hose lowered down and not reaching the bottom by 0.25 m. The use of cylinders of compressed gases for ventilation shall not be permitted. If natural or forced ventilation does not ensure the complete removal of harmful substances, descent into the underground structure is permitted only with the use of isolating respiratory protective equipment, including the use of a hose breathing apparatus.
37.38. Starting work in underground structures without checking them for gas contamination shall be prohibited. The check shall be carried out by workers trained in the use of the instruments. The list of such workers is approved by the head of the organisation (separate subdivision). Checking for the absence of gases by means of a naked flame shall be prohibited.
37.39. Before the start of work in collectors and tunnels equipped with supply-and-exhaust ventilation, the latter shall be put into operation for a period determined in accordance with local conditions. In this case, it is permitted not to check for the absence of gas.
37.40. During work in collectors and tunnels, two hatches or two doors shall be open, so that the workers are between them. A warning sign shall be installed or a fence provided at the open hatch. Before the start of the work, the members of the work team shall be familiarised with the plan for evacuation from the underground structure in the event of unforeseen circumstances.
37.41. When opening wells, a tool that does not produce sparking shall be used, and impacts of the cover against the neck of the hatch shall be avoided. A warning sign shall be installed or a fence provided at the open hatch of the well.
37.42. One worker holding group III for electrical safety is permitted to be present and work in a well, using a safety harness with a safety rope. This safety belt shall have shoulder straps crossing at the back, with a ring at the intersection for attaching the rope. The other end of the rope shall be held by one of the safety-attendant workers.
37.43. During work in wells, lighting blowlamps in them, installing cylinders with propane-butane, and heating compounds for filling joints and solder shall not be permitted. Molten solder and heated compounds for filling joints shall be lowered into the well in a special closed vessel suspended by means of a carabiner from a metal wire rope.
37.44. When hot work is carried out, screens made of fire-resistant material limiting the spread of the flame shall be used, and measures shall be taken to prevent fire.
37.45. In collectors, tunnels, cable mezzanines and other premises in which cables are laid, when working with the use of propane-butane, the total capacity of the cylinders located in the premises shall not exceed 5 l. After the completion of the work, the gas cylinders shall be removed and the premises ventilated.
37.46. During the burning-through of cables, being present in wells shall not be permitted, and in tunnels and collectors it is permitted only on the sections between two open entrances. Working on cables during their burning-through shall be prohibited. After the burning-through, to prevent fire, the cables shall be inspected.
37.47. Before admission to work and before inspection is carried out in tunnels, the fire protection devices in them shall be switched from automatic operation to remote control, and a poster "Do not switch on! Personnel working" shall be hung on the control key.
37.48. Smoking in wells, collectors and tunnels, and also at a distance of less than 5 m from open hatches, shall be prohibited.
37.49. During work in wells, collectors and tunnels, the time of presence in them shall be determined by the issuing authority, depending on the conditions of performance of the work.
37.50. In the event of the appearance of gas, work in wells, collectors and tunnels shall be stopped and the workers shall be withdrawn from the danger zone until the source of the gas contamination has been identified and eliminated. Forced ventilation shall be used to displace the gases.
37.51. For lighting workplaces in wells and tunnels, luminaires with a voltage of 12 V or battery lamps of explosion-proof design shall be used. The transformer for the 12 V luminaires shall be located outside the well or tunnel.
38.1. Work on the replacement of support elements, the erection and dismantling of supports and conductors, and the replacement of the insulator strings of an overhead line shall be performed in accordance with a process chart or the WEP.
38.2. Climbing a support and working on it is permitted only after the sufficient stability and strength of the support, especially its base, have been checked.
38.3. To determine the strength of wooden supports, the degree of decay of the timber shall be checked, digging out the support to a depth of at least 0.5 m. To determine the strength of reinforced-concrete supports and stub posts, the absence of impermissible cracks in the concrete, of settlement or heaving of the soil around the support, and of destruction of the concrete of the support (stub post) shall be checked, digging out the soil to a depth of at least 0.5 m.
38.4. On metal supports, the absence of damage to the foundations, the presence of all braces and nuts on the anchor bolts, and the condition of the guy wires and earthing conductors shall be checked.
38.5. The need for and the methods of reinforcing a support whose strength is in doubt (insufficient embedment, heaving of the soil, decay of the timber, cracks in the concrete) shall be determined on site by the performing authority or the responsible person in charge of the work. Work on reinforcing a support by means of guy ropes shall be carried out without climbing the support, from a telescopic tower or another mechanism for lifting people, or from a support installed alongside, or special bracing devices shall be used for this, for the fitting of which it is not necessary to climb the support. Climbing the support is permitted only after it has been reinforced. Supports not designed for one-sided tension of conductors and cables and temporarily subjected to such tension shall be reinforced beforehand to prevent them from falling. Until the supports have been reinforced, breaking the integrity of the conductors and removing the ties on the supports shall not be permitted.
38.6. Climbing a support is permitted for members of the work team who are admitted to work without the use of scaffolding means, carried out at a height of 5 m and more, of group 1 or 2 for safety of work at height, with the mandatory use of means of protection against falls from height, and who hold the following groups for electrical safety: III - for all types of work up to the top of the support; II - for work carried out with the overhead line disconnected, up to the top of the support, and for work on the non-live parts of an overhead line that is live, no higher than the level at which a distance of 2 m remains from the head of the worker to the level of the lower conductors of this overhead line. An exception is work on the painting of supports in accordance with paragraph 38.17 of the Rules.
38.7. When carrying out work involving climbing all types of supports, means of protection against falls from height intended for these purposes shall be used. The list of these means and the procedure for their use when carrying out work shall be determined by the work execution plan or process chart approved by the head of the organisation (separate subdivision) or by the technical manager of the electric power industry entity, or shall be specified in the special instructions of the permit to work. On angle supports with pin insulators, climbing and working from the side of the inner angle shall not be permitted. When working on a support, means of protection against falls from height shall be used, and the worker shall rest on both climbing irons (pole spikes) if these are used. When working on the support post, positioning shall be such that the nearest live conductors are not lost from sight. When replacing parts of a support, the possibility of its displacement or falling shall be excluded.
38.8. Digging out both posts of a support at once when replacing single and double stub posts of P- and AP-shaped supports shall not be permitted. The stub post on one post of the support shall be replaced, the bands secured and the soil tamped, and only then shall the replacement of the stub posts on the other post be started. Double stub posts shall be replaced one at a time.
38.9. Being present in the pit during the pulling out or lowering of a stub post shall not be permitted.
38.10. The methods of felling and erecting a support, and the need for and methods of reinforcing it to prevent deviation, are determined by the responsible person in charge of the work. In the case of the use of guy wires with hooks, the latter shall be provided with safety catches.
38.11. During work on insulating suspensions, moving along supporting single-string and multi-string suspensions (with two or more insulator strings) and along tension multi-string suspensions is permitted. Work on a single-string tension insulating suspension is permitted when special devices are used, or lying on it and hooking the legs over the crossarm to fix the position of the body.
38.12. When working on a supporting insulating suspension, the lanyard of the safety harness shall be secured to the crossarm. If the length of the lanyard is insufficient, two safety ropes attached to the belt shall be used. One rope is tied to the crossarm, and the second, first passed over the crossarm, is paid out as necessary by the back-up member of the work team.
38.13. When working on a tension insulating suspension, the lanyard of the safety harness shall be secured to the crossarm or to a device intended for this purpose.
38.14. On supporting and tension multi-string insulating suspensions, securing the lanyard of the safety harness to one of the insulator strings on which work is not being carried out is permitted. Securing this lanyard to a string on which work is being carried out shall be prohibited. If a fault is discovered that may lead to disengagement of the insulating suspension, the work shall be stopped.
38.15. During the raising (or lowering) of conductors and cables onto the crossarms, and also during their tensioning, being present on these crossarms or on the posts beneath them shall not be permitted.
38.16. The lifting scheme for the load shall be chosen and the lifting blocks positioned in such a way that no forces arise that could cause damage to the support.
38.17. The painting of a support with climbing up to its top may be performed, in compliance with the requirements of paragraph 38.6 of the Rules, by workers holding group II for electrical safety. When painting a support, measures shall be taken to prevent paint from getting onto the insulators and conductors (for example, drip pans shall be used).
38.18. When carrying out work from a support, a telescopic tower, a hydraulic lift without an insulating element, or another mechanism for lifting people, the distance from the worker and from the tool, devices, ropes and guy wires being used to a conductor (of power transmission, radio relay, telemechanics) that is live up to 1000 V shall be at least 0.6 m.
38.19. When carrying out work in which the possibility of approaching conductors (of power transmission, communication, radio relay, telemechanics) to a distance of less than 0.6 m is not excluded, these conductors shall be disconnected and earthed at the place where the work is carried out.
38.20. Work on the re-tensioning and replacement of conductors on overhead lines with a voltage up to 1000 V and on street lighting lines suspended on the supports of lines with a voltage above 1000 V shall be performed with the disconnection of all lines with a voltage up to and above 1000 V and their earthing on both sides of the work section. The work shall be performed under a permit to work by a work team of at least two workers; the performing authority shall hold group IV for electrical safety.
38.21. When carrying out work under voltage on live parts, the safety of personnel is ensured by one of three schemes. First scheme. The live part of the electrical installation under voltage - insulation - person - earth. The scheme is implemented in electrical installations up to and including 35 kV by two methods: (a) work by the contact method, where the electrical protective equipment (protective equipment intended to ensure electrical safety) comprises dielectric gloves of the appropriate test-voltage class <2>, insulating covers (pads) and insulating tools. This method is used to carry out work on overhead lines (overhead lines with insulated conductors) up to 1000 V and on equipment up to 1000 V of transformer substations and packaged transformer substations. ——————————-- <2> Section 5.7 of GOST 12.4.307-2016 "Occupational Safety Standards System (SSBT). Dielectric gloves made of polymer materials. General technical requirements and test methods (Edition with Amendment)" (put into effect by Order of Rosstandart No. 2076-st of 26 December 2016) (Official edition. Moscow: Standartinform, 2019) (hereinafter - GOST 12.4.307-2016). The use, on overhead lines (overhead lines with insulated conductors) up to 1000 V, of lifting appliances without an insulating link with insulation covering of the cradle (by installing insulating covers (pads) around the entire perimeter of the floor (decking) of the cradle, the cradle railings, including the additional guard bar, including the removable guard or the lockable door of the opening for entry into the cradle, by applying insulating covers (pads)) is permitted; (b) work by the distance method, when the work is carried out using basic (insulating rods; tongs) and additional (dielectric gloves of the appropriate test-voltage class <3>, overshoes, pads) electrical protective equipment. This method is applied in switchgear, transformer substations and on overhead lines (cable-overhead lines) and equipment with a voltage of 1 to 35 kV inclusive. ——————————-- <3> Section 5.7 of GOST 12.4.307-2016. When carrying out work by the distance method, the installation of insulating covers (pads) on the live parts of the electrical installation is not required. When working with rods, dielectric gloves of the appropriate test-voltage class <4> shall be used, and the distance from the worker to the live parts shall be not less than that specified in Table No. 1. ——————————-- <4> Section 5.7 of GOST 12.4.307-2016. Second scheme. The live part of the electrical installation under voltage - person - insulation - earth. The scheme is implemented by the work-at-potential method. Work under this scheme is permitted in electrical installations under the following conditions: insulation of the worker from earth by special devices of the appropriate voltage; use of a screening set complying with technical regulations and other mandatory requirements; equalisation of the potentials of the screening set, the work platform and the conductor by a special potential-transfer rod. The distance from the worker to the earthed parts and elements of the equipment during work shall be not less than the distance specified in Table No. 1. Third scheme. The live part of the electrical installation under voltage - insulation - person - insulation - earth is implemented by the insulated method, under the conditions: insulation of the worker from earth potential by special insulating devices of the appropriate voltage class; use of electrical protective equipment (dielectric gloves of the appropriate test-voltage class <5>, dielectric sleeves, insulating covers (pads)). ——————————-- <5> Section 5.7 of GOST 12.4.307-2016. Work under this scheme is carried out in electrical installations with a voltage up to and including 35 kV. When carrying out work by the insulated method, a set of dielectric gloves of the appropriate test-voltage class <6>, cotton gloves, protective leather gloves and dielectric sleeves shall be used. During work, the cuffs of the dielectric gloves shall overlap the dielectric sleeves by a distance that precludes the appearance of an unprotected part of the arm. ——————————-- <6> Section 5.7 of GOST 12.4.307-2016. The use of protective leather gloves to protect the dielectric gloves from mechanical damage is mandatory. It shall not be permitted to approach live parts under voltage with parts of the body unprotected against electric shock at a distance of less than 150 mm. When using a lift (tower) with an insulating link, the distance from the live parts under voltage to the nearest current-carrying part of the boom of the lift shall be not less than that specified in Table No. 1. When carrying out work under voltage in electrical installations with a voltage up to and above 1000 V by the first scheme, by the method specified in sub-clause "a" of this paragraph, and by the third scheme, it shall be necessary to: apply insulating covers (pads) to insulate the parts of the electrical installations up to and above 1000 V, intended for work under voltage, in accordance with the voltage class of the electrical installation on which the work is carried out; install insulating covers (pads) on the live parts and parts of the electrical installations that are not under voltage, starting from the nearest, and remove them in the reverse order.
38.22. Specific types of work at conductor potential shall be carried out in accordance with special instructions or in accordance with process maps, work organisation designs (hereinafter - WOD), or work performance designs.
38.23. Members of the work team who are entitled to carry out work at conductor potential (with direct contact with live parts) on overhead lines with a voltage above 1000 V shall hold electrical safety Group IV, and the other members of the work team - electrical safety Group III. In electrical installations up to 1000 V, members of the work team who are entitled to carry out work under voltage on live parts shall hold an electrical safety group not lower than III, and the responsible person in charge of the work and the performing authority - not lower than electrical safety Group IV (except in the cases provided for by paragraphs 38.88, 38.89 of the Rules).
38.24. It shall not be permitted to touch the insulators and fittings of insulating suspensions that have a potential other than that of the conductor, or to pass or receive tools or appliances to or from workers who are not on the same work platform, when carrying out work from the platform of an insulating device that is at conductor potential.
38.25. Before starting work on insulating suspensions, the electrical strength of the porcelain insulators shall be checked with a measuring rod. Where releasing clamps are present, they shall be wedged on the support on which the work is carried out and on the neighbouring supports, if this is required by the terrain of the route.
38.26. Work on an insulating suspension for its re-hanging or for the replacement of individual insulators or fittings, carried out by linesmen positioned on insulating devices or cross-arms, is permitted where the number of serviceable insulators in the suspension is not less than 70 per cent, and on overhead lines with a voltage of 750 kV - where there are not more than five defective insulators in one suspension.
38.27. When re-hanging insulating suspensions on overhead lines with a voltage of 330 kV and above, carried out from the cross-arms, the necessary appliances shall be installed on and detached from the cross-arm while wearing dielectric gloves and a screening set.
38.28. On overhead lines with a voltage of 35 kV, it is permitted to touch the cap of the first insulator where there are two serviceable insulators in the insulating suspension, and on overhead lines with a voltage of 110 kV and above - the caps of the first and second insulators, taking into account the requirements of paragraphs 4.7, 4.8 of the Rules. The insulators are counted from the cross-arm.
38.29. The installation of tubular arresters under voltage on overhead lines with a voltage of 35 to 110 kV is permitted on condition that insulating suspended clearance gauges are used that preclude the possibility of the external electrode of the arrester approaching the conductor at a distance less than the specified one.
38.30. It shall not be permitted to be in the zone of possible gas exhaust when the external electrode of the arrester approaches the conductor or when the electrode is moved away during removal of the arrester. The external electrode of the arrester shall be brought closer or moved away using an insulating rod. It shall not be permitted to approach a lightning protection cable insulated from the support at a distance of less than 1 metre.
38.31. When a cable is used in an ice-melting circuit, the permissible distance for approaching the cable shall be determined depending on the melting voltage.
38.32. It shall not be permitted to work on overhead lines and overhead communication lines that are under voltage during fog, rain or snowfall, during the hours of darkness, during icing of the supports (with the worker climbing the supports without lifting appliances), or in wind that hampers work on the supports.
38.33. When installing and replacing conductors and cables, they shall be strung out smoothly, without jerks, and the pulling ropes shall be directed so as to avoid whipping and approaching conductors that are under voltage. For guys and counter-guys, ropes of natural or synthetic fibre shall be used. The ropes shall be tensioned without slack. The winches and steel ropes used during the work shall be earthed.
38.34. The conductor (cable) of each drum shall be earthed before stringing.
38.35. Before starting installation work (sighting, tensioning, transfer from rollers to clamps), the strung-out conductor (cable) shall be earthed in two places: at the initial anchor support near the tension clamp and at the final support through which the tensioning is carried out. In addition, earths shall be applied to the conductor (cable) at each intermediate support where work is carried out.
38.36. For a conductor or cable lying in metal stringing rollers or clamps, earthing of the cages of these rollers (clamps) is sufficient. Where there is natural metallic contact between the metal cage of the roller (clamp) and the body of a metal or reinforced-concrete support with reinforcement, no additional actions for earthing the metal roller (clamp) are required.
38.37. When working on conductors, in the span of the crossing with another overhead line, carried out from a telescopic tower (lift), the work platform of the tower shall be connected to the line conductor, by means of a special rod, with a flexible copper conductor of a cross-section of not less than 10 mm2, and the tower itself shall be earthed. The conductor in this case shall be earthed at the nearest support or in the span.
38.38. It shall be prohibited to enter or leave the cabin of the tower, or to touch the body of the tower while standing on the ground, after the work platform of the telescopic tower has been connected to the conductor. It shall be prohibited to use a metal cable as an endless rope. The operator (driver) controlling the lift from the ground shall wear dielectric overshoes and dielectric gloves.
38.39. The jumpers on the anchor support shall be connected on completion of installation work in the anchor spans adjacent to that support. On the anchor support of an overhead line with a voltage of 110 kV and above, the jumpers, before being connected, shall be secured to the conductors or to the tension insulating suspensions, but not closer than the fourth insulator counting from the cross-arm, and on overhead lines with a voltage of 35 kV and below - only to the conductors.
38.40. When carrying out work on the conductors of an overhead line in the span of the crossing with another overhead line that is under voltage, the earth shall be installed on the support where the work is carried out. If conductors are being suspended or replaced in that span, then, on both sides of the crossing point, both the conductor being suspended and the conductor being replaced shall be earthed.
38.41. When replacing conductors (cables) and the insulators and fittings relating to them located below conductors that are under voltage, ropes of natural or synthetic fibre shall be thrown over the conductors (cables) being replaced to prevent the whipping-up of the conductors located above. The ropes shall be thrown over in two places - on both sides of the crossing point, securing their ends to anchors or structures. The lifting of the conductor (cable) shall be carried out slowly and smoothly.
38.42. Work on conductors (cables) and the insulators and fittings relating to them located above conductors that are under voltage shall be carried out in accordance with a work performance design approved by the head of the organisation (separate subdivision). The work performance design shall provide for measures to prevent the lowering of the conductors (cables) and to protect against induced voltage. The replacement of conductors (cables) during this work shall be carried out with mandatory removal of voltage from the conductors being crossed, except in cases where, in electrical installations with a voltage of 220 kV and above, repair technologies are used that preclude the approach of the conductor (cable) being replaced to the conductors of the crossed overhead lines that are under voltage at distances less than the permissible ones, by workers specially trained and admitted to this work.
38.43. Operating organisations shall determine the lines (sections of lines) that are under induced voltage by carrying out measurements, with subsequent recalculation of the values to the highest operating current of the influencing overhead line. The scheme and procedure for measuring the value of the induced voltage and for its recalculation to the highest operating current of the influencing overhead line are determined by the operating organisation. Workers servicing the overhead lines shall have available a list of the lines that are under induced voltage, and shall know the content of that list and the requirements for the safe organisation and performance of work on them set out in the Rules. Information on the presence of induced voltage on an overhead line shall be indicated in the "Special instructions" line of the permit to work. The value of the calculated induced voltage on the overhead line is indicated in the list of overhead lines under induced voltage.
38.44. All types of work on overhead lines under induced voltage that involve contact with the conductor (earth wire) shall be carried out in accordance with process maps or work performance designs, in which the following safety measures shall be provided for: (a) the procedure for equalising potentials is established by electrically interconnecting all exposed conductive parts that are simultaneously accessible to touch during the performance of work and that are under induced voltage, and extraneous conductive parts (including metal elements of structures, machines, mechanisms and appliances that are accessible to touch), including: the locations for placing earths on the basis of the requirements for ensuring potential equalisation at the work sites; the locations and sequence for installing additional earths and/or for the electrical connection of sections (conductors, cables) of the overhead line or overhead communication line before breaking or connecting these sections, on the basis of the requirements for ensuring the equalisation of their potential; the procedure for equalising the potential when working from the ground surface using a metal platform or special conductive coverings of the ground. (b) the procedure for using insulating electrical protective equipment (dielectric gloves, overshoes, insulating rods), devices (rods) for transferring potential, and also shunting (electrically conductive) sets of workwear is established.
38.45. Work on overhead lines under induced voltage may be carried out: with earthing of the overhead line on both sides in the switchgear and at the work site, using, to ensure the safe performance of work, the potential-equalisation technology or the "without removal of voltage" work technology; without earthing of the overhead line in the switchgear, with earthing of the overhead line only at the work site.
38.46. Work with earthing of the overhead line on both sides in the switchgear and at the work site using the potential-equalisation technology shall be carried out with the performance of the following actions: the overhead line taken out for repair shall be earthed on both sides in the switchgear; when working from a metal support at the work team's work site, the phase conductors (earth wire) of the overhead line shall be earthed to the leg of the support, and when working from a reinforced-concrete support - to a permanent earth electrode that is serviceable and complies with the established requirements; when working from a telescopic tower (lift), the work platform of the tower shall be connected to the line conductor (cable) with a flexible conductor of a cross-section of not less than 25 mm2, and the tower (chassis) itself - earthed. The line conductor (earth wire) in this case shall be earthed at the work site. It shall not be permitted to enter or leave the cabin of the telescopic tower, or to touch the body of the tower while standing on the ground, after the work platform of the telescopic tower has been connected to the conductor. During work, it shall not be permitted to use ropes of current-conducting materials as "endless" ones. The number of teams permitted to work on the overhead line and working by the method specified in this paragraph of the Rules is not limited. Where it is impossible to ensure potential equalisation at the work site (for example, when working from a wooden support), the work shall be carried out in accordance with paragraphs 38.47 or 38.48 of the Rules.
38.47. Work with earthing of the overhead line on both sides in the switchgear and at the work site using the "without removal of voltage" technology shall be carried out with the performance of the actions provided for in paragraphs 38.21 to 38.32 of the Rules.
38.48. Work without earthing of the overhead line in the switchgear, with earthing of the overhead line only at the work site, shall be carried out with the performance of the following actions: the overhead line taken out for repair is not earthed on the switchgear side; not more than one team may be admitted to work on one overhead line (on one electrically connected section); the overhead line (section of the overhead line) is earthed in one place (at the work team's work site) or on two adjacent supports. In this case, at the work team's work site, in addition to the main earth, an additional portable earth shall be installed. When removing the portable earths on completion of the work, the clamps of both earths shall first be disconnected from the conductor (earth wire) of the overhead line, and then from the earth electrode. Only work from the support on which the earth (main and additional) is installed, or in the span between adjacent earthed supports, is permitted; if it is necessary to work in two or more spans (sections), the overhead line shall be divided into electrically unconnected sections by disconnecting the jumpers on the anchor supports. Only one team may work on each of such sections; before installing or removing the earth, the conductor (cable) shall first be earthed by means of a rod with an arc-suppression device (to remove the static component of the induced voltage and to localise the arc discharge). The earthing conductor of the rod shall be connected to the earth electrode in advance. The rod may be removed only after installation (or removal) of the portable earth; if there is no rod with an arc-suppression device, the installation (removal) of the protective earth at the work site may be carried out only after temporary earthing of the overhead line in one of the switchgears. The earthing switches at the end of the overhead line in the switchgear shall be opened only after the earth has been installed (removed) at the work site.
38.49. On an overhead line (on one electrically connected section) under induced voltage, the simultaneous work of teams using different preparation of the work site for the performance of work with the application of earthing to the overhead line, as specified in paragraph 38.45 of the Rules, shall not be permitted.
38.50. On an overhead line under induced voltage, work from the ground involving contact with the conductor (cable) lowered from the support down to the ground shall be carried out using electrical protective equipment (dielectric gloves, rods) or from a metal platform connected by a conductor to that conductor (cable) for equalising potentials. The connection of the metal platform to the conductor (cable) shall be carried out using electrical protective equipment and only after the worker is positioned on it. Approaching the platform without means of protection against step voltage shall not be permitted. The performance of work from the ground without the use of electrical protective equipment and a metal platform is permitted on condition that the conductor is earthed in the immediate vicinity of each point of contact.
38.51. During installation work (lifting, sighting, tensioning, transfer of conductors from stringing rollers to clamps) on overhead lines under induced voltage or on overhead lines under construction in line with existing overhead lines, the conductor shall be earthed at the anchor support from which the stringing is carried out, at the final anchor support through which the tensioning is carried out, and at each intermediate support onto which the conductor is lifted.
38.52. On completion of work on an intermediate support, the earth may be removed from the conductor (earth wire) on that support. If work involving contact with the conductor (earth wire) is resumed on the intermediate support, the conductor shall be earthed again on the same support.
38.53. Steel pulling ropes used when installing conductors on overhead lines under induced voltage shall first be secured to the pulling mechanism and, for equalising potentials, earthed to the same earth electrode as the conductor. Only after this is it permitted to attach the rope to the conductor. The conductor and the pulling rope may be disconnected only after their potentials have been equalised, that is, after each of them has been connected to a common earth electrode.
38.54. On an overhead line under induced voltage, the transfer of conductors from stringing rollers to suspension clamps shall be carried out in the direction opposite to the direction of stringing. Before starting the transfer, leaving the conductors earthed on the anchor support towards which the transfer is to be carried out, the earth shall be removed from the conductors on the anchor support from which the transfer begins. The earth may be removed from the conductors (cable) being transferred only after the conductor (cable) has been transferred into the suspension clamps and work on that support has been completed.
38.55. During the transfer of conductors into the clamps, the adjacent anchor span in which the transfer has already been completed shall be regarded as being under induced voltage. Work on it involving contact with the conductors is permitted only after they have been earthed at the work site.
38.56. On a disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line with the circuits arranged one above another, work may be carried out only on condition that this circuit is suspended below the circuits that are under voltage. It shall not be permitted to replace and adjust the conductors of the disconnected circuit.
38.57. When working on one disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line with horizontal arrangement of the circuits, red flags shall be hung on the legs on the side of the circuits that remain under voltage. The flags are hung at a height of 2 to 3 metres from the ground by the performing authority together with a member of the work team who holds Group III.
38.58. Climbing the support on the side of a circuit that is under voltage and moving onto sections of the cross-arms supporting that circuit shall be prohibited. If the support has step bolts, climbing them is permitted regardless of which circuit they are located under. Where the step bolts are located on the side of the circuits that remain under voltage, climbing the support shall be carried out under the supervision of the performing authority, or a member of the work team holding electrical safety Group III, who is on the ground.
38.59. When working from the supports on the conductors of a disconnected circuit of a multi-circuit overhead line whose other circuits are under voltage, the earth shall be installed on each support on which work is carried out.
38.60. During phase-by-phase repair of an overhead line, it shall be prohibited to earth the conductor of the disconnected phase in the switchgear. The conductor shall be earthed only at the work site. On overhead lines with a voltage of 35 kV and above, when working on the conductor of one phase or successively on the conductors of each phase, it is permitted to earth at the work site only the conductor of the phase on which the work is carried out. In this case, it shall not be permitted to approach the conductors of the other non-earthed phases at a distance less than that specified in Table No. 1.
38.61. During phase-by-phase repair, to increase the reliability of the earthing, it shall be double, consisting of two separate earths installed in parallel. It is permitted to work on the conductor no further than 20 metres from the installed earth.
38.62. When several teams work simultaneously, the disconnected conductor shall be divided into electrically unconnected sections. A separate section shall be allocated to each team, on which one double earth is installed.
38.63. During phase-by-phase repair of an overhead line with a voltage of 110 kV and above, to localise the arc discharge, before installing or removing the earth, the conductor shall first be earthed by means of a rod with an arc-suppression device. The earthing conductor of the rod shall be connected to the earth electrode in advance. This rod shall be removed only after installation (or removal) of the portable earth.
38.64. During phase-by-phase repair on an overhead line with horizontal arrangement of the phases, it shall be prohibited to move onto sections of the cross-arm supporting the conductors of the phases that are under voltage. The conditions for the performance of work during phase-by-phase repair of an overhead line with a voltage of 35 kV and above shall be indicated in the "Special instructions" line of the permit to work.
38.65. Work to clear the overhead line route of trees is carried out under a permit to work or an order.
38.66. Before the felling of trees begins, the work site shall be cleared. In winter, for a quick retreat from a falling tree, two paths 5 to 6 metres long shall be laid in the snow at an angle to the line of its fall, on the side opposite to the fall. It shall not be permitted to climb notched or partly sawn trees.
38.67. Before the start of work, the performing authority shall warn all members of the work team of the danger of the trees being felled or the ropes approaching the conductors of the overhead line.
38.68. To prevent trees from falling onto the conductors, guy ropes shall be applied before felling begins. It shall be prohibited to fell trees without an undercut or a notch, or to make a through-cut of a tree. Leaning trees shall be felled in the direction of their lean, but where there is a threat of trees falling onto the overhead line, their felling shall not be permitted until the overhead line is disconnected.
38.69. In the event of a tree falling onto the conductors, it shall be prohibited to approach it at a distance of less than 8 metres until the voltage has been removed from the overhead line.
38.70. The sawyers shall warn the other workers of the impending fall of the tree being felled. Standing on the side of the tree's fall and on the opposite side shall not be permitted.
38.71. It shall be prohibited to leave a notched or partly sawn tree unfelled during a break in the work.
38.72. Before felling rotten and dead standing trees, their strength shall be tested, and then an undercut shall be made. It shall be prohibited to notch these trees. Group felling of trees with prior partial sawing, and felling using the fall of one tree onto another, shall be prohibited. Rotting and burnt trees shall be felled first.
38.73. When patrolling and inspecting overhead lines, the appointment of a performing authority is not mandatory. During inspection of an overhead line, it shall be prohibited to carry out any repair or restoration work, or to climb the support and its structural elements. Climbing the support is permitted during a top inspection of the overhead line. A targeted briefing is mandatory.
38.74. In hard-to-pass terrain (marshes, water obstacles, mountains, forest debris) and in unfavourable weather conditions (rain, snowfall, severe frost), as well as during the hours of darkness, the inspection of an overhead line shall be carried out by not fewer than two workers holding electrical safety Group II, one of whom is appointed as the senior. In other cases, one worker holding Group II is entitled to inspect the overhead line. It shall not be permitted to walk under the conductors when inspecting an overhead line during the hours of darkness. When searching for damage, those inspecting the overhead line shall carry warning signs or notices with them. When patrols are carried out, communication with the dispatcher shall be ensured.
38.75. It shall be prohibited to approach, at a distance of less than 8 metres, a conductor of an overhead line with a voltage above 1000 V lying on the ground, or reinforced-concrete supports of an overhead line with a voltage of 6 to 35 kV that are under voltage, where there are signs of an earth-fault current flowing (damage to insulators, contact of the conductor with the body of the support, evaporation of moisture from the soil, the occurrence of an electric arc on the legs and at the points where the support is embedded in the ground). In these cases, near the conductor or support, a guard shall be organised to prevent people and animals from approaching the fault point, warning signs or notices shall be installed as far as possible, and the incident shall be reported to the owner of the overhead line.
38.76. When carrying out work on sections where an overhead line crosses transport routes (railways, navigable rivers and canals), where it is necessary to temporarily halt the movement of traffic or, for the duration of its movement, to halt work on the overhead line, the issuing authority shall summon a representative of the traffic service of the transport route to the work site. This representative shall ensure the stopping of traffic for the necessary time or shall warn the line team of approaching traffic. To allow traffic to pass, the conductors that obstruct movement shall be raised to a safe height.
38.77. When carrying out work on sections where an overhead line crosses or comes close to highways and country roads, to warn drivers of vehicles or, in agreement with the State Road Traffic Safety Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (GIBDD), to stop their movement, the performing authority shall post signalmen on the highway or road. Where necessary, a representative of the GIBDD shall be summoned. The signalmen shall be positioned at a distance of 100 metres on both sides of the point where the overhead line crosses or comes close to the roads and shall carry red flags by day and red lamps by night with them.
38.78. Under an order, without disconnecting the lighting network, it is permitted to work in the following cases: when using a telescopic tower with an insulating link; where the luminaires are located below the conductors at a distance of not less than 0.6 metres, on wooden supports without earthing down-conductors from the support or from a portable wooden ladder. In other cases, all conductors suspended on the support shall be disconnected and earthed, and the work shall be carried out under a permit to work.
38.79. When working on the control gear of gas-discharge lamps, before disconnecting it from the general circuit of the luminaire, the supply conductors shall first be disconnected from the network and the static capacitors discharged (regardless of the presence of discharge resistors).
38.80. Work on the conductors of overhead lines with covered conductors of 6 to 20 kV shall be carried out with the overhead line disconnected, except for work carried out under voltage on live parts in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 38.21 of the Rules.
38.81. The performance (resumption) of work under voltage on overhead lines, overhead lines with covered conductors and overhead lines with insulated conductors shall be prohibited in the cases of: emergency tripping of the overhead line, the overhead line with covered conductors or the overhead line with insulated conductors by the operation of the protections during the performance of work on live parts; detection of damage on the overhead line, the overhead line with covered conductors or the overhead line with insulated conductors that cannot be eliminated without violating the technology of work under voltage on live parts; absence or malfunction of technical means and protective equipment; other circumstances that threaten the safety of the performance of work (thunderstorm, heavy rain, snowfall, reduced visibility, hours of darkness, icing of the supports and conductors, and also other factors determined by the local conditions for the performance of work and specified in the process maps for work under voltage on live parts).
38.82. The distance from workers to the conductors of an overhead line and to other elements connected to the conductors, and the distance from the conductors of an overhead line to mechanisms and lifting structures, shall be not less than those specified in Table No. 1. The distance from a conductor with a protective covering to trees shall be not less than 0.55 m.
38.83. For work to remove fallen trees from the conductors, the overhead line shall be disconnected and earthed.
38.84. On an overhead line that is energised, work to remove thrown-on objects and tree branches may be carried out using insulating rods. When such work is carried out without the use of protective equipment, the line shall be disconnected and earthed.
38.85. Work on a 0.38 kV overhead line with insulated wires may be carried out with or without disconnecting the overhead line.
38.86. Work involving disconnection of a 0.38 kV overhead line with insulated wires is carried out when it is necessary to replace the entire conductor bundle, when disconnecting or connecting (one or more) conductors on lines running through explosion- and fire-hazardous zones (near petrol stations, gas distribution stations). It is permitted to disconnect not the whole line but only the conductor on which work is to be carried out. The conductor, after being identified by its marking and checked to confirm the absence of voltage on it, shall be disconnected from all sides from which the supply of voltage to it cannot be excluded, and earthed at the work site.
38.87. When carrying out live working on live parts on self-supporting insulated conductors with a bare neutral conductor, the neutral conductor and the metal fittings shall be insulated by means of insulating pads and caps.
38.88. Work on a 0.38 kV overhead line with insulated wires without de-energising shall be carried out under a permit to work.
38.89. A work team carrying out live working on live parts on a 0.38 kV overhead line with insulated wires shall consist of not less than two workers - the performing authority, holding electrical safety group IV, and a work team member, holding electrical safety group III. The performing authority and the work team member shall undergo training and obtain the right to carry out work without de-energising on a 0.38 kV overhead line with insulated wires, as well as admission to work at height, with the mandatory use of fall protection equipment, in respect of which a corresponding entry shall be made in the line "Certificate of the right to carry out special work" of the certificate confirming the examination of knowledge of the rules for work in electrical installations, the recommended template of which is provided in Appendix No. 2 to the Rules.
39.1. Workers who have undergone special training and an examination of knowledge and of the requirements contained in this subsection, carried out by a commission that includes specialists in equipment testing holding electrical safety group V - in electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V - and electrical safety group IV - in electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V, are admitted to the testing of electrical equipment. The right to carry out testing is confirmed by an entry in the field "Certificate of the right to carry out special work" of the certificate confirming the examination of knowledge of the rules for work in electrical installations. Test installations (electrical laboratories) shall be registered with the federal executive authority carrying out federal state energy supervision. The performing authority engaged in the testing of electrical equipment, as well as workers carrying out testing single-handedly using stationary test installations, shall undergo on-the-job training lasting one month under the supervision of a worker whose experience in the testing of electrical equipment shall be not less than one year (hereinafter referred to as the experienced worker).
39.2. The testing of electrical equipment, including outside electrical installations, carried out using a mobile test installation, shall be performed under a permit to work. Admission to the testing of electrical equipment in electrical installations in service is carried out by the operational personnel in accordance with Chapter X of the Rules, and outside electrical installations - by the responsible person in charge of the work or, if such a person has not been appointed, by the performing authority. Where testing is to be carried out during equipment installation or repair work, this shall be specified in the line "assigned" of the permit to work.
39.3. The testing of electrical equipment is carried out by a work team in which the performing authority shall hold electrical safety group IV, a work team member shall hold electrical safety group III, and the work team member assigned to guard duty shall hold electrical safety group II.
39.4. A work team carrying out equipment testing may include workers from among the repair personnel who do not hold admission to special testing work, to carry out preparatory work and to supervise the equipment.
39.5. Mass testing of materials and products (protective equipment, various insulating parts, oil) using stationary test installations whose live parts are enclosed by solid or mesh barriers and whose doors are fitted with interlocks may be carried out by a worker holding group III single-handedly, in the manner established for electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V, using standard testing methods.
39.6. The workplace of the operator of a test installation shall be separated from the part of the installation that has a voltage above 1000 V. A test installation having a voltage above 1000 V shall be fitted with an interlock ensuring the removal of voltage from the test circuit if the door is opened. At the operator's workplace, separate visual signalling shall be provided to indicate the switching on of voltage up to and above 1000 V, together with audible signalling to indicate the application of the test voltage. When the test voltage is applied, the operator shall stand on an insulating mat. Mobile test installations shall be equipped with external visual signalling that switches on automatically when voltage is present at the terminal of the test installation, and with audible signalling that briefly indicates the application of the test voltage.
39.7. Admission under permits to work issued for carrying out testing and the preparatory work for it shall be granted only after other work teams working on the equipment to be tested have been withdrawn from the workplaces and have handed over their permits to work to the person granting admission. In electrical installations that have no local duty personnel, the performing authority may, after the work team has been withdrawn, keep the permit to work, having formally recorded a break in the work.
39.8. The equipment under test, the test installation and the connecting conductors between them shall be fenced off with screens and ropes bearing the warning notice "Testing. Danger to life" facing outwards. The barrier shall be installed by the workers carrying out the testing.
39.9. Where necessary, a guard shall be posted, consisting of members of the work team holding electrical safety group II, to prevent unauthorised persons from approaching the test installation, the connecting conductors and the equipment under test. The members of the work team keeping guard shall remain outside the barrier and shall treat the equipment under test as being energised. These workers may leave their post only with the permission of the performing authority.
39.10. During the testing of a cable line, if its far end is located in a locked chamber, a compartment of metal-clad switchgear or a room, a warning notice "Testing. Danger to life" shall be posted on the doors or the barrier. If the doors and barriers are not locked, or if the line being tested is a line under repair with cable cores prepared along the route, then, in addition to posting notices at the doors, barriers and prepared cable cores, a guard shall be posted, consisting of members of the work team holding electrical safety group II or of operational personnel who are on duty.
39.11. Where the test installation and the equipment under test are located in different rooms or at different sections of the switchgear, members of the work team holding electrical safety group III who are monitoring the condition of the insulation may be located separately from the performing authority. These members of the work team shall remain outside the barrier and shall receive the necessary briefing from the performing authority before the testing begins.
39.12. The earthing devices installed during the preparation of the workplace and impeding the testing may be removed and then reinstalled only on the instruction of the performing authority directing the testing, after the high-voltage terminal of the test installation has been earthed. Permission for the temporary removal of the earthing devices shall be stated in the line "Special instructions" of the permit to work.
39.13. When assembling the test circuit, the protective and working earthing of the test installation shall first be carried out. The body of a mobile test installation shall be earthed by a separate earthing conductor made of flexible copper conductor with a cross-section of not less than 10 mm2. Before testing, the reliability of the earthing of the body shall be checked. Before connecting the test installation to a 380/220 V network, its high-voltage terminal shall be earthed. The cross-section of the copper conductor used in test circuits for earthing shall be not less than 4 mm2.
39.14. The connection of the test installation to a 380/220 V network shall be made through a switching device with a visible break in the circuit or through a plug located at the point of control of the installation. The switching device shall be equipped with a device preventing inadvertent switching on, or an insulating pad shall be installed between the moving and fixed contacts of the device. The conductor or cable used to supply the test electrical installation from a 380/220 V network shall be protected by fuses or circuit breakers installed in that network. The connection of the mobile test installation to the network shall be made by representatives of the organisation operating those networks.
39.15. The connecting conductor between the equipment under test and the test installation shall first be connected to the earthed high-voltage terminal of the installation. This conductor shall be secured so as to prevent it from approaching (whipping towards) energised live parts to a distance less than that specified in Table No. 1. The connecting conductor may be connected to a phase or pole of the equipment under test or to a cable core, and disconnected from it, on the instruction of the person directing the tests and only after they have been earthed, which shall be done by closing the earthing switches or by installing portable earthing devices.
39.16. Before each application of the test voltage, the performing authority shall: check the correctness of the assembly of the circuit and the reliability of the working and protective earthing; check whether all members of the work team and the workers assigned to keep guard are in the places indicated to them, whether unauthorised persons have been removed and whether the test voltage may be applied to the equipment; warn the members of the work team of the application of voltage with the words "Applying voltage" and, having made sure that the warning has been heard by all members of the work team, remove the earth from the terminal of the test installation and apply a voltage of 380/220 V to it.
39.17. From the moment the earth is removed from the terminal of the installation, the entire test installation, including the equipment under test and the connecting conductors, shall be regarded as energised, and it shall be prohibited to make any reconnections in the test circuit or on the equipment under test.
39.18. From the moment voltage is applied to the terminal of the test installation, it shall be prohibited to be on the equipment under test, as well as to touch the body of the test installation while standing on the ground, to enter and leave the mobile laboratory, or to touch the bodywork of the mobile laboratory.
39.19. Cables shall be tested or burned out from the side of points that have earthing devices.
39.20. After the testing is completed, the performing authority shall reduce the voltage of the test installation to zero, disconnect it from the 380/220 V network, earth the terminal of the installation and inform the members of the work team of this with the words "Voltage removed". Only after this may the conductors be reconnected or, where the testing is fully completed, disconnected from the test installation and the barriers removed. After testing equipment with a significant capacitance (cables, generators), the residual charge shall be removed from it with a special discharge rod.
39.21. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, work with electrical measuring clamps shall be carried out by two workers: one holding electrical safety group IV (from among the operational personnel) and the other holding electrical safety group III (who may be from among the repair personnel). During measurement, dielectric gloves shall be used. It shall be prohibited to lean towards the instrument to take the readings. This work shall be carried out under an instruction.
39.22. In electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V, work with electrical measuring clamps may be carried out by one worker holding group III. It shall be prohibited to work with electrical measuring clamps while on an overhead line support. This work shall be carried out under an instruction or in the course of routine operation.
39.23. Work with measuring rods shall be carried out by not less than two workers: one holding electrical safety group IV and the others holding electrical safety group III. Climbing onto a structure or a telescopic tower, and descending from it, shall be done without a rod. This work shall be carried out under a permit to work, even for single measurements using supporting structures or telescopic towers.
39.24. The pulse line measuring device may be connected only to a disconnected and earthed overhead line. The connection shall be made in the following order: the connecting conductor shall first be connected to the earthed wiring of the pulse measuring device (running from the protective device), and then, using insulating rods, to the conductor of the overhead line. The rods by which the connecting conductor is connected to the overhead line shall remain on the line conductor for the duration of the measurement. When working with the rods, dielectric gloves shall be used; remove the earth from the overhead line at the end where the pulse measuring device is connected. Where necessary, the earths may also be removed at the other ends of the overhead line being checked. After the earths have been removed from the overhead line, the connecting conductor, the protective device and its wiring shall be regarded as energised, and it shall be prohibited to touch them; remove the earth from the wiring of the pulse measuring device.
39.25. The connection of the wiring of the pulse measuring device to the overhead line by means of insulating rods shall be carried out by operational personnel holding group IV, or by laboratory personnel under the supervision of operational personnel. The connection of the pulse measuring device through stationary switching equipment to stationary wiring already connected to the overhead line, and the measurements, may be carried out single-handedly by operational personnel, or, under an instruction, by a worker holding group IV from among the laboratory personnel.
39.26. Upon completion of the measurements, the overhead line shall be earthed again, and only after this may the insulating rods with the connecting conductors be removed, first from the overhead line and then from the wiring of the pulse measuring device.
39.27. Measurements with a pulse measuring device that has no high-voltage pulse generator are permitted without withdrawing the work teams working on the overhead line.
39.28. Measurements with a megohmmeter during operation may be carried out by trained workers from among the electro-technical personnel. In electrical installations with a voltage above 1000 V, measurements are carried out under a permit to work, except for the work specified in paragraphs 7.6, 7.8 of the Rules; in electrical installations with a voltage up to 1000 V and in secondary circuits - under an instruction or under the list of work carried out in the course of routine operation. Measurement with a megohmmeter of the insulation resistance of electrical equipment above 1000 V may be carried out under an instruction by two workers from among the operational personnel holding electrical safety groups IV and III, provided that the technical actions ensuring the safety of work with de-energising are carried out.
39.29. The measurement of insulation resistance with a megohmmeter shall be carried out on disconnected live parts from which the charge has been removed by earthing them beforehand. The earth shall be removed from the live parts only after the megohmmeter has been connected.
39.30. When measuring the insulation resistance of live parts with a megohmmeter, the connecting conductors shall be connected to them by means of insulating holders (rods), and dielectric gloves shall be used.
39.31. When working with a megohmmeter, it is not permitted to touch the live parts to which it is connected. After the work is completed, the residual charge shall be removed from the live parts by earthing them briefly.
40.1. In electrical installations, the washing of insulator strings, post insulators and the porcelain insulation of equipment is permitted without removing the voltage from the live parts, in accordance with the work execution plan or the labour protection instruction of the relevant organisation. The length of the water jet shall be not less than that specified in Table No. 6.
40.2. During washing, the water lance, the telescopic tower and the water tank shall be earthed. When washing from a telescopic tower, the water lance with its nozzle shall be connected to the basket of the tower and to the frame of the tanker truck by a flexible copper conductor with a cross-section of not less than 25 mm2. When washing from the ground, from a telescopic tower or from a special metal platform, dielectric gloves shall be used.
40.3. During washing, it shall not be permitted, while standing on the ground, to touch the machine or mechanism used for washing, or to leave and enter the cab or body. Measures shall be taken to prevent unauthorised persons from approaching the machines and mechanisms used for washing. The water hoses may be moved only after washing has stopped.
40.4. In indoor switchgear, including transformer substations, insulators and live parts that are energised shall be cleaned with special brushes on insulating rods or with a vacuum cleaner together with hollow insulating rods fitted with attachments. In indoor switchgear, cleaning shall be carried out from the floor or from stable scaffolding, and in transformer substations from the ground surface or the servicing platform. During cleaning, dielectric gloves shall be used.
40.5. Before the start of work, the insulating surfaces of the rods shall be cleaned of dust. The internal cavity of the rods shall be cleaned of dust systematically, including during cleaning.
40.6. The heads fitted onto the hollow insulating rods of the vacuum cleaners shall also be made of insulating material, so as to avoid a short circuit between adjacent phases of the electrical installation during the cleaning of the insulation.
40.7. The cleaning of the insulation and live parts of an electrical installation without de-energising, by any method, shall be carried out under a permit to work by two workers. The work shall be carried out by a worker holding group III under the supervision of the performing authority holding electrical safety group IV. These workers shall be specially trained and admitted to carrying out this work, with an entry in the field "Certificate of the right to carry out special work" of the certificate confirming the examination of knowledge of the rules for work in electrical installations.
40.8. Cleaning of the insulation without de-energising in indoor switchgear is permitted where there are passages of sufficient width in them, allowing free operation of the dust-removal equipment, and is carried out only from the floor or stable scaffolding.
41.1. The requirements contained in this Chapter shall be observed when carrying out work on cable lines and overhead communication lines, on the equipment and devices for dispatching and process control located in equipment rooms, cross-connection rooms, communication radio centres and the premises of power enterprises, in communication devices, on installations of high-frequency communication over overhead lines, of relay protection and telemechanics, in industrial television installations and computing devices.
41.2. A responsible person in charge of the work shall be appointed for work carried out in accordance with paragraph 5.7 of the Rules and for the following work: the construction of mast crossings and the replacement of terminal angle supports; the testing of communication cable lines; work with the equipment of the unattended amplification station (regeneration station); on coupling filters without closing the earthing switch, excluding inspections of the filters without opening them. The worker issuing the permit to work may also appoint a responsible person in charge of the work for other work in addition to those listed above.
41.3. The responsible person in charge of the work or the performing authority may combine the duties of the person granting admission in the dispatching and process control devices, if the preparation of the workplace does not require the operation of switching devices, with the exception of fuses. In this case, the person granting admission may remove the fuses and, together with a member of the work team, install portable earthing devices.
41.4. In the dispatching and process control devices, under an instruction, the work specified in Chapter VII of the Rules may be carried out, as well as the following work: on disconnected overhead communication lines and communication cable lines not subject to the influence of power transmission lines and class 1 feeder radio broadcasting lines; the repair, installation and commissioning of the dispatching and process control devices, except for the high-frequency communication equipment located in the switchgear, including the processing and coupling elements of the high-frequency communication channels.
41.5. When working on sections where a cable line or an overhead communication line crosses or runs close to a 750 kV overhead line, the requirements of the instructions on the protection of personnel and of communication and radio-broadcasting facilities at sections of crossing and proximity with 750 kV power transmission lines shall be complied with.
41.6. Work on the dispatching and process control devices located within the switchgear area shall be organised in accordance with paragraph 6.17 of the Rules. Work on high-frequency line traps installed on overhead lines outside the switchgear area shall be carried out under permits to work issued by the personnel servicing the overhead lines.
41.7. During the testing of communication cable lines with elevated voltage, the section under test shall be delimited. To avoid the appearance of the test voltage on sections of the communication cable lines that are not being tested, all connections between them shall be removed.
41.8. Workers who are at different ends of the communication cable line during the testing of the electrical strength of the insulation shall have communication with each other.
41.9. The telephone set at the far end of the communication cable line shall be connected, before the testing is carried out, through isolating capacitors (with a capacitance of 0.1 µF and a working voltage of 5-6 kV) connected into each core of the pair allocated for telephone communication. The telephone set and the capacitors shall be placed outside the pit or well on a wooden stand covered with a rubber dielectric mat. Telephone conversations shall be conducted when there is no test voltage on the cable and only upon receipt of a call from the responsible person in charge of the work. It is not permitted to touch the telephone set and the connecting conductors during testing.
41.10. During testing, the telephone set held by the responsible person in charge of the work shall be disconnected. It shall be connected after the testing is completed and the charge has been removed from the cable.
41.11. Before the test voltage is applied to the cable, the responsible person in charge of the work shall warn the members of the work team by telephone of the start of the testing.
41.12. It shall be prohibited to carry out any switching on the boxes and ends of the prepared cable, or to touch the cable during testing.
41.13. The metal bodies of measuring instruments and devices shall be earthed before the start of work, and the removal of the earthing shall be carried out after the work with the instruments and devices is completed, as the final operation.
41.14. Electrical measurements of communication cable lines that are subject to the influence of power transmission lines and alternating-current electrified railways shall be carried out using electrical protective equipment.
41.15. The connection of cables to a corrosion protection device, and of protective devices to a source of stray currents, as well as work on cathodic installations carried out without de-energising the installation, shall be performed while wearing dielectric gloves. The repair of a drainage installation may be carried out after it has been disconnected and after the drainage cable has been earthed on the side of the contact network of the electrified railway or tramway.
41.16. The operation of equipment that maintains the cable under excess air pressure shall comply with the rules for the design and safe operation of vessels working under pressure. Work on this equipment may be carried out under an instruction after the cable has been disconnected and the workplace prepared. The removal of the panels from the drying and automation unit and the commencement of work are permitted not earlier than 15 minutes after the voltage has been removed from the equipment. During work, a dielectric mat shall be used.
41.17. The remote power supply to the unattended amplification station, both direct and alternating current, shall be removed during the following work on the communication cable line: the installation, dismantling and relaying of the cable; the repair of damaged telephone communication; measurements on the cable.
41.18. The remote power supply to the unattended amplification station (regeneration station) shall be removed at the request of the dispatching and process control duty officer, which the officer submits to the duty officer or the head of the attended amplification station (hereinafter referred to as the attended amplification station). The request specifies the name of the trunk line, the number of the remote power supply circuit, the section and nature of the work, the start and end times of the work, the type of remote power supply and the surname of the responsible person in charge of the work.
41.19. The remote power supply to the unattended amplification station (regeneration station) shall be removed at the feeding amplification station by the duty officer or the head of the attended amplification station after obtaining permission from the worker authorised to do so. Breaks shall be made in the remote power supply transmission circuit by removing the appropriate links, fuses or other parts, depending on the design of the equipment. In doing so, dielectric gloves shall be used.
41.20. Having obtained permission to carry out work in the unattended amplification station (regeneration station), the responsible person in charge of the work shall identify the cable to be repaired, verify the absence of voltage on it and discharge it. These operations shall be performed while wearing protective goggles and dielectric gloves.
41.21. To ensure the safety of work on the cable in the unattended amplification station (regeneration station), additional breaks shall be made in the remote power supply receiving circuits.
41.22. The admission of the work team for work on the cable in the unattended amplification station (regeneration station) shall be carried out by the responsible person in charge of the work after all safety measures have been implemented. Organisations shall have a list of the devices that have a remote power supply. The workers servicing them shall be familiarised with this list.
41.23. Work in the underground structures of communication cable lines shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 37.35-37.51 of the Rules.
41.24. Work in the unattended amplification station (regeneration station) shall be carried out under a permit to work or an instruction by a work team in which the performing authority shall hold group IV and the members of the work team shall hold group III.
41.25. The chambers of the unattended amplification station (regeneration station) that have no permanent ventilation shall be ventilated before and during work. While work is being carried out, the chamber shall be kept open. When operating unattended amplification stations (regeneration stations) fitted with ventilation, the ventilation ducts shall be kept open.
41.26. Before testing the remote power supply equipment, telephone communication shall be provided between all unattended amplification stations (regeneration stations) and the attended amplification stations feeding them.
41.27. Individual boards may be removed from the equipment only with the permission of the responsible person in charge of the work, after the remote power supply voltage has been removed. It shall be prohibited to repair equipment that is energised.
41.28 The construction of crossings and the repair of the conductors of overhead communication lines that cross the conductors of the contact network of electrified railways, trams and trolleybuses shall be carried out with the contact network disconnected and earthed at the work site, in the presence of a representative of the contact network section (district), in accordance with the developed work execution plan.
41.29. When pulling conductors across the streets of populated areas, signalmen with flags shall be posted to warn pedestrians and traffic.
41.30. When tensioning and adjusting communication conductors running under (over) a power transmission line, the requirements set out in paragraph 38.40 of the Rules shall be complied with, taking into account the requirements of Chapter XXXVIII of the Rules.
41.31. Before the start of work, the absence of a voltage above 25 V on the conductors of the overhead communication line (between the conductors and earth) shall be verified. If a voltage above 25 V is detected on the conductors of the overhead communication line, it shall be prohibited to start work until the cause of the appearance of the voltage has been established and it has been reduced to 25 V.
41.32. When carrying out work on overhead communication lines that are under induced voltage, the requirements of paragraphs 38.43-38.57 of the Rules relating to work on overhead lines under induced voltage shall be complied with.
41.33. The earthing of the conductors of an overhead communication line that are energised shall be carried out through drainage coils by means of rods for applying portable earthing devices.
41.34. When working on an overhead communication line under induced voltage, the conductors being unrolled and installed shall be earthed at the start of the span and directly at the work site. A conductor lying on the ground shall not come into contact with the line conductors and with conductors unrolled on subsequent sections. The sag shall be adjusted and the conductor secured on the section before it is connected to the conductor of the previous section. Before the individual sections of the conductor are connected at the work site, they shall be earthed on both sides of the connection point.
41.35. Work with radio equipment may be carried out under an instruction. The servicing of radio equipment by one worker holding electrical safety group III may be carried out without the right to perform repair work, with the exception of work on equipment whose power supply is provided at a voltage up to 25 V.
41.36. When working in electromagnetic fields with frequencies in the range of 60 kHz to 300 GHz, the requirements of the normative legal acts containing requirements for work in electromagnetic fields shall be complied with.
41.37. When adjusting and testing high-frequency equipment, protective equipment against electric shock and against elevated electromagnetic radiation shall be used. The protective goggles used shall have a metallised coating on the lenses (for example, of the ORZ-5 type).
41.38. Faults shall be rectified, and changes to the circuits and the dismantling and assembly of antenna-feeder devices shall be carried out, after the voltage has been removed from them. The following shall be prohibited: determining the presence of electromagnetic radiation by its thermal effect on the hand or another part of the body; remaining in a radiation zone with an energy flux density above the permissible level without protective equipment; impairing the shielding of a source of electromagnetic radiation; remaining in front of an open, operating antenna-feeder device.
41.39. Work on the installation and maintenance of external antenna-feeder devices on towers and masts shall be carried out by a work team consisting of workers holding electrical safety groups IV and III. Before work begins, the high-frequency equipment shall be switched off.
41.40. When working on antenna-mast structures, the following requirements shall be met: workers climbing on them shall have admission to work carried out at a height of 5 m and above without the use of scaffolding means, holding work-at-height safety group 1 or 2, with the mandatory use of means of protection against falls from height.
41.41. The maintenance, adjustment and repair of the equipment of high-frequency installations located in switchgear or on overhead lines at a voltage above 1000 V shall be carried out by not fewer than two workers, one of whom shall hold group IV, taking into account that the de-energised loops of high-frequency line traps may be under induced voltage.
41.42. A single worker holding electrical safety group III may work on equipment in service with the opening of panels (units), using protective equipment. Before work begins, the absence of voltage on the connecting high-frequency line shall be checked. It shall not be permitted to work at a voltage above 25 V.
41.43. Making changes to the circuits, dismantling and assembling the high-frequency path, and rectifying faults in them may be done only after the voltage has been removed from the coupling and connection elements of the overhead line. When working on the cable and the coupling filter, it is sufficient to close the earthing switch on the lower plate of the coupling capacitor.
41.44. The disconnection of earthing conductors from the protective devices, equipment and other elements of the equipment of a high-frequency installation connected to an overhead line shall be prohibited without the earthing of the lower plate of the coupling capacitor.
41.45. Instruments in the circuit between the coupling capacitors and the coupling filter may be connected and disconnected when the lower plate of the coupling capacitor is earthed by means of the earthing switch. When the instruments are reconnected repeatedly during measurements, the lower plate of the coupling capacitor shall be earthed each time. Measurements lasting not more than 1 hour may be carried out under an order by a single worker holding electrical safety group IV, under the supervision of a worker from among the operational personnel holding electrical safety group IV. These measurements shall be carried out only inside the coupling filter, without disconnecting the arrester, with the earthing switch of the lower plate of the coupling capacitor open. In doing so, the instruments shall be earthed; the measurements shall be carried out using electrical protective equipment (dielectric overshoes and gloves, tools with insulating handles). Measurements lasting more than 1 hour shall be carried out under a permit to work.
41.46. The installation and dismantling of mobile (portable) high-frequency communication posts shall be carried out by a work team consisting of not fewer than two workers, one of whom shall hold electrical safety group IV and the other electrical safety group III.
41.47. The antenna shall be secured on the supports at a distance of not less than 3 m from the level of the lower conductors for an overhead line at a voltage up to and including 110 kV, and not less than 4 m for an overhead line at a voltage of 150 and 220 kV. The sag of the antenna shall be greater than the sag of the overhead-line conductor.
41.48. Before the antenna is suspended, the post with the antenna coil shall be secured on the support at a height of 1 - 1.5 m and earthed. The end of the antenna entering the post shall be earthed through a choke located inside the post and through an earthing switch connected in parallel with the choke. An arrester rated at 1 kV shall be connected in parallel with the choke. The antenna shall be tensioned carefully, without jerks.
41.49. When the antenna is being raised and lowered, one worker standing in the middle of the span, away from the route, shall ensure that the antenna does not approach the conductors of the overhead line that are under voltage to a distance less than that specified in paragraph 41.47 of the Rules. It shall not be permitted to be under the antenna conductor.
41.50. Before lowering, the antenna shall be earthed by means of the earthing switch or a portable earthing device.
41.51. A single worker holding electrical safety group III may work on the devices located in the equipment rooms, switch on and switch off, and also repair the telephone communication and radio broadcasting equipment.
41.52. On the floor in front of the input and input-test racks of cable lines and overhead communication lines, the remote power supply racks, the automatic voltage regulator racks and the current distribution racks, there shall be a rubber dielectric mat or insulating stands.
41.53. Signs warning of the presence of voltage shall be applied to the covers of the equipment to which remote power supply voltage is supplied.
41.54. The washing of the contacts (contact fields) of selectors and relays shall be carried out after the voltage has been removed from them.
41.55. If an extraneous voltage above 25 V (from a power transmission line or remote power supply equipment) reaches a communication line connected to the input-test rack, or the protective strips of the cross-connect, the duty personnel shall switch off and isolate such a line, using protective equipment. The operational personnel of the facility, or in their absence the superior operational personnel, shall be informed of the presence of an extraneous voltage above 25 V. The replacement of arresters or fuses may be carried out only in the absence of extraneous voltage.
41.56. When working on the equipment of communication lines subject to the influence of power transmission lines and AC electrified railways, the replacement of line protective devices shall be carried out wearing dielectric gloves (or using tongs with insulating handles) and protective goggles, with the use of a rubber dielectric mat.
41.57. The workplaces of the telephone operators at the switchboards and transfer desks of the automatic telephone exchange shall be protected by acoustic shock limiters. During a thunderstorm, telephone operators shall use handsets instead of headsets.
41.58. When cleaning equipment, it shall not be permitted to use brushes with an exposed metal ferrule or vacuum cleaner hoses with metal nozzles.
41.59. The replacement of lamps in the equipment shall be carried out after the voltage has been removed from them. Lamps may be replaced under a voltage of up to 250 V using protective equipment.
42.1. To ensure the safety of the work carried out in the circuits of measuring instruments, relay protection devices and electrical automation, the secondary circuits (windings) of the current and voltage measuring transformers shall have permanent earthing. In complex relay protection schemes, for a group of electrically connected secondary windings of measuring transformers, earthing may be carried out at only one point. All work in the schemes of complex protection devices is carried out in accordance with programmes, in which, among other things, safety measures shall be specified.
42.2. Where it is necessary to break the current circuit of measuring instruments, relay protection devices or electrical automation, the secondary winding circuit of the current transformer is first short-circuited at the terminals specially designated for this purpose or by means of test blocks. In the secondary circuit between the current transformers and the installed short-circuiting link, it shall not be permitted to carry out work that could lead to the opening of the circuit.
42.3. When working in the secondary devices and circuits of voltage transformers with the supply of voltage from an external source, measures shall be taken to exclude the possibility of reverse transformation.
42.4. The checking and testing of the operation of relay protection devices and electrical automation, including with the opening or closing of switching devices, shall be carried out in accordance with paragraph 7.11 of the Rules.
42.5. A performing authority holding group IV, from among the personnel maintaining relay protection devices, electrical automation, measuring instruments, metering devices and secondary circuits, may combine the duties of the person granting admission. In doing so, that person determines the safety measures necessary for the preparation of the workplace. Such combination is permitted if the preparation of the workplace does not require disconnections, earthing or the installation of temporary barriers in the part of the electrical installation at a voltage above 1000 V.
42.6. A performing authority holding electrical safety group IV, acting alone, as well as members of the work team holding electrical safety group III (on the conditions provided for in paragraph 6.13 of the Rules, regardless of whether the work is carried out under a permit to work or an order), may work separately from the other members of the work team in the secondary circuits and devices of relay protection and electrical automation, if these circuits and devices are located in switchgear and premises where live parts at a voltage above 1000 V are absent, are fully fenced off, or are located at a height that does not require fencing.
42.7. Workers of energy supply and energy sales organisations carry out work with the metering devices of a consumer that has operational (operational-repair) personnel on its staff on the basis of the rights of seconded personnel. This work is carried out by a work team consisting of not fewer than two workers. The work is carried out under an order issued by the consumer's personnel. In this case, the preparation of the workplace and the admission of the workers of the energy supply and energy sales organisations to work with the metering devices are carried out by the consumer's personnel. In the switchgear premises, a worker of an energy supply or energy sales organisation holding group III may record the readings of electricity meters in the presence of a representative of the electricity consumer.
42.8. In consumers' electrical installations at a voltage up to 1000 V (with the exception of inspection and the taking of readings without touching the live parts of the electrical installation that are under voltage) that have servicing personnel working on a part-time basis or under a civil-law contract (kindergartens, shops, polyclinics, libraries), the preparation of the workplace and the admission to work with the electrical energy metering devices may be carried out by the operational personnel of the relevant energy supply, energy sales or territorial electricity grid organisations, according to an approved list of work performed in the course of routine operation, by a work team of two workers holding electrical safety groups III and IV, in the presence of a representative of the consumer.
42.9. Work on the installation and replacement of electrical energy metering devices shall be carried out with the voltage removed. In the circuits of electricity meters connected to measuring transformers, where test boxes are present, the voltage shall be removed from the electricity meter scheme in those boxes.
42.10. Operational (operational-repair) personnel of energy supply, energy sales or territorial electricity grid organisations holding electrical safety group III may carry out work with single-phase electricity meters alone, with the voltage removed, according to an approved list of work performed in the course of routine operation. In the absence of a switching device upstream of the electricity meter, in wooden houses and in premises without increased danger, this work may be carried out without de-energising, with the load removed.
42.11. When carrying out the work specified in paragraphs 42.8 and 42.10 of the Rules, a territorial section (district, block, okrug) shall be assigned to the workers by an organisational and administrative document of the organisation (separate subdivision). On the task forms, the operational personnel shall record the completion of the technical actions ensuring the safety of the work in the electrical installations.
42.12. In energy supply, energy sales and territorial electricity grid organisations, instructions or process charts for each type of work shall be drawn up for carrying out work with metering devices.
43.1. The maintenance of the electrical part of the devices of thermal automation, thermal-engineering measurements, protections and the technical means of the automated control system shall be carried out in compliance with the electrical safety measures provided for by the Rules.
43.2. Operations with switching equipment on the control panels, distribution boards and assemblies of the thermal automation and measurement devices may be carried out by the operational personnel or, under a permit to work, by the performing authority, if permission for such operations is confirmed by an entry in the "Special instructions" line of the permit to work, or under an order with an entry in column 7 of the log of work carried out under permits to work and orders.
43.3. The preparation of the section of process equipment before admission to work on the thermal automation and measurement devices shall be carried out by the operational personnel of the shop or section under whose control the process equipment is located.
43.4. Testing and checking under voltage and the trial switching-on of individual elements and sections of the circuit or units of the thermal automation and measurement devices during repair or adjustment are carried out with the permission of the shift supervisor (operational personnel) of the process shop or section, subject to the following conditions: the work shall be stopped, the work team shall be removed from the power equipment being tested, and the protective earthing, barriers and safety posters shall be removed. Work involving the repeated switching-on and switching-off of electrical equipment during testing may be carried out without recording breaks in the permit to work, but with the necessary technical actions being carried out each time.
43.5. Under an order, work in the thermal automation and measurement devices that does not require changes to the process scheme or the operating mode of the equipment may be carried out. In the thermal automation and measurement devices, the following work may be carried out by a worker holding electrical safety group III, acting alone, under an order: adjustment of the recording part of the instruments; replacement of pressure gauges (except electrical-contact ones), differential pressure gauges, thermocouples and resistance thermometers; elimination of defects in thermal-engineering monitoring instruments on unit and group control boards; preventive maintenance of the switches for temperature measurement points; repair of the set of computer hardware of the automated control system; adjustment and checking of the setting parameters of the electronic units of automatic regulators; sealing of terminal boxes; making inscriptions and markings on stands, sensors, actuators and panels; blowing down boards and panels with compressed air.
43.6. Work in the thermal automation and measurement devices located in various shops or sections shall be carried out with the permission of the shift supervisor (operational personnel) of the shop (section) in which the work is to be carried out.
43.7. When carrying out work on the assemblies of gate valves and on the drives of gate valves and regulators, the requirements of Chapters IV and XXVII of the Rules shall be complied with.
43.8. The person granting admission to work under a permit to work or an order in the thermal automation and measurement devices is the operational personnel of the shop or section of the process facility holding group III. A performing authority holding group IV, from among the electrical engineering personnel, may combine the duties of the person granting admission and determine the safety measures in the electrical part of the thermal automation and measurement devices during the preparation of the workplace, with an entry in the "Special instructions" line of the permit to work.
44.1. Portable power tools and luminaires, hand-held electric machines, isolating transformers and other auxiliary equipment shall satisfy the requirements of technical regulations, national (interstate) standards and technical specifications with regard to electrical safety, and shall be used in work in compliance with the Rules.
44.2. Workers holding electrical safety group II shall be admitted to work with portable power tools and class I hand-held electric machines in premises with increased danger. The connection of auxiliary equipment (transformers, frequency converters, residual current devices) to the electrical network and its disconnection from the network shall be carried out by electrical engineering personnel holding group III who operate this electrical network.
44.3. The class of the portable power tool and the hand-held electric machines shall correspond to the category of the premises and the conditions of performance of the work, with the use in individual cases of electrical protective equipment in accordance with the requirements set out in Table No. 7.
44.4. In premises with increased danger and especially dangerous premises, portable electric luminaires shall have a voltage of not more than 50 V. When working in especially unfavourable conditions (circuit-breaker wells, compartments of metal-enclosed switchgear, boiler drums, metal tanks), portable luminaires shall have a voltage of not more than 12 V.
44.5. Before commencing work with hand-held electric machines, portable power tools and luminaires, the following shall be done: determine from the data sheet the class of the machine or tool; check the completeness and the secure fastening of the parts; verify by external inspection the serviceability of the cable (cord), its protective tube and the plug, and the integrity of the insulating parts of the housing, the handle and the brush-holder covers, and of the protective casings; check the clear operation of the switch; carry out (where necessary) testing of the residual current device (RCD); check the operation of the power tool or machine at no load; check, on a class I machine, the serviceability of the earthing circuit (machine housing - earthing contact of the plug). It shall not be permitted to use in work hand-held electric machines, portable power tools and luminaires, together with their associated auxiliary equipment, that have defects or that have not passed periodic checking (testing).
44.6. When using power tools, hand-held electric machines and portable luminaires, their wires and cables shall, as far as possible, be suspended. Direct contact of the wires and cables with hot, damp and oily surfaces or objects shall not be permitted. The cable of the power tool shall be protected against accidental mechanical damage and against contact with hot, damp and oily surfaces. It shall not be permitted to pull, twist or bend the cable, to place a load on it, or to allow it to cross with ropes, cables or gas-welding hoses. If any faults are detected, work with hand-held electric machines, portable power tools and luminaires shall be stopped immediately.
44.7. Hand-held electric machines, portable power tools and luminaires and auxiliary equipment that are issued and used in work shall be recorded in the organisation (separate subdivision) and shall undergo checking and testing within the time limits and to the extent established by technical regulations, national and interstate standards, technical specifications for the products, and the effective scope and standards for the testing of electrical equipment and apparatus of electrical installations. To maintain the serviceable condition and carry out periodic testing and checking of hand-held electric machines, portable power tools and luminaires and auxiliary equipment, a responsible worker holding electrical safety group III shall be appointed by an order of the head of the organisation.
44.8. In the event of a loss of voltage or a break in work, power tools and hand-held electric machines shall be disconnected from the electrical network.
44.9. Workers using power tools and hand-held electric machines shall be prohibited from: handing over hand-held electric machines and power tools to other workers; dismantling hand-held electric machines and power tools or carrying out repairs; holding on to the wire of the electric machine or power tool, touching rotating parts, or removing chips or sawdust before the tool or machine has come to a complete stop; installing the working part into the chuck of the tool or machine and removing it from the chuck, or adjusting the tool, without disconnecting it from the network; working from leaning ladders; bringing portable transformers and frequency converters inside boiler drums or metal tanks.
44.10. When using an isolating transformer, the following requirements shall be complied with: one electrical load may be supplied from the isolating transformer; earthing of the secondary winding of the isolating transformer shall not be permitted; the housing of the transformer shall be earthed or connected to the neutral, depending on the neutral mode of the supplying electrical network. In this case, earthing of the housing of the electrical load connected to the isolating transformer is not required.
45.1. In electrical installations in service, work using lifting structures and mechanisms is carried out under a permit to work.
45.2. Drivers, crane operators, machine operators and slingers working in electrical installations in service or in the protection zone of an overhead line shall hold a group not lower than II.
45.3. The passage of vehicles, lifting structures and mechanisms over the territory of the outdoor switchgear and in the protection zone of an overhead line shall be carried out under the supervision of one of the workers from among the operational personnel, the worker who issued the permit to work, or the responsible manager of the work, and in electrical installations at a voltage up to 1000 V - the performing authority holding electrical safety group IV; when construction and installation work is carried out in the protection zone of an overhead line - under the supervision of the responsible manager of the work or the performing authority holding electrical safety group III. The installation and operation of lifting structures and mechanisms in electrical installations shall be carried out under the continuous direction and supervision of a worker who has been certified, in accordance with the established procedure, in knowledge of the requirements of the safety rules for hazardous production facilities at which lifting structures are used, and who holds a group not lower than IV in electrical safety. An entry shall be made in the "Special instructions" line of the permit to work concerning the appointment of the worker (specialist) responsible for the safe performance of work using lifting structures, indicating the position, surname and initials, as well as the work carried out under that person's direct supervision.
45.4. When travelling through the outdoor switchgear and under an overhead line, the lifting and extendable parts of lifting structures and mechanisms shall be in the transport position. Within the work site, lifting structures may be moved over level ground with the working member raised, without a load and without people on the lifting or extendable part, provided that such movement is permitted by the manufacturer's instruction and that it is not necessary to pass beneath the busbars and conductors of an overhead line that are under voltage. In the outdoor switchgear, the travel speed of lifting structures and mechanisms is determined by local conditions but shall not exceed 10 km/h. Under an overhead line, vehicles, lifting structures and mechanisms shall pass at the points of the smallest conductor sag (near the supports).
45.5. When a crane is installed at the work site, the possible sector of movement of the boom shall be determined by the responsible manager of the work together with the person granting admission. Before the work begins, this sector shall be delimited by the crane's coordinate protection or by poles with flags, and at night-time by signal lights.
45.6. The installation and operation of lifting structures and mechanisms directly beneath the conductors of an overhead line at a voltage up to and including 35 kV that are under voltage shall not be permitted. The lifting mechanism (lifting structure) shall be set on outriggers and its working member moved from the transport position to the working position by the machine operator controlling it. It shall not be permitted to involve other workers for this purpose.
45.7. When vehicles, lifting structures and mechanisms travel, are installed and operate, the distances from the lifting and extendable parts, slings, load-gripping devices and loads to the live parts that are under voltage shall be: for personnel maintaining electrical installations - not less than those specified in Table No. 1; for personnel of construction and installation organisations - not less than those specified in Table No. 8 provided for in paragraph 47.15 of the Rules (hereinafter - Table No. 8).
45.8. On telescopic towers and hydraulic lifts, the extendable and lifting parts shall be checked in operation before work begins, and on telescopic towers, in addition, the lifting part shall be set vertically and fixed in that position.
45.9. During work on angle supports involving the replacement of insulators or conductors or the repair of fittings, it shall not be permitted to install a telescopic tower (hydraulic lift) inside the angle formed by the conductors.
45.10. During work in the outdoor switchgear and within the protection zone of an overhead line without de-energising, mechanisms and lifting structures shall be earthed. Lifting structures on crawler tracks do not need to be earthed when they are installed directly on the ground.
45.11. If, as a result of contact with live parts or the occurrence of an electric discharge, the lifting mechanism (lifting structure) becomes energised, it shall not be permitted to touch it, or to climb down from it to the ground or up onto it, until the voltage has been removed.
45.12. During the operation of lifting structures and mechanisms, the following shall be prohibited: moving the chassis of the lift (tower) with people or a load in the cage; raising and lowering the cage by the lift if the entrance to it is not closed by a locking device; throwing down tools, loads and other objects from the cage while it is at height; the presence of people under a load being raised, under the basket of the telescopic tower, or in the immediate vicinity (closer than 5 m) of conductors (ropes) being tensioned, of stops, fastenings and operating mechanisms.
45.13. During work from a telescopic tower (hydraulic lift), there shall be visual communication between the member of the work team in the basket (cage) and the driver. In the absence of such communication, a member of the work team shall be present at the tower to relay to the driver the commands for raising or lowering the basket (cage). Work from a telescopic tower (hydraulic lift) shall be performed while standing on the floor of the basket (cage), secured by the lanyard of a fall-arrest (restraint) harness. Movement from the basket (cage) onto a support or equipment and back may be carried out only with the permission of the performing authority.
45.14. In the event of contact of the crane boom or the basket (cage) of the lifting mechanism with live parts that are under voltage, the machine operator shall take measures for the quickest possible breaking of the contact that has occurred and for moving the movable part of the mechanism away from the live parts to a distance not less than that specified in Table No. 1, having warned the surrounding workers that the mechanism is energised.
45.15. The use of portable metal ladders shall not be permitted in switchgear at a voltage of 220 kV and below, as well as in buildings and structures of electrical installations classified as premises with increased danger and especially dangerous premises.
45.16. In outdoor switchgear at a voltage of 330 kV and above, the use of portable metal ladders may be allowed subject to compliance with the following conditions: the ladder shall be carried in a horizontal position under the continuous supervision of the performing authority or of a worker holding electrical safety group IV from among the operational personnel; to remove the induced potential from the portable ladder, a metal chain touching the ground shall be attached to it.
45.17. The operation of lifting structures shall not be permitted in a wind that causes loads, or the ropes and cables free of loads by which a load is raised, to approach the live parts under voltage to an impermissible distance.
46.1. Seconded personnel are workers of organisations who are sent to carry out work in electrical installations that are in service, under construction, undergoing technical re-equipment or being reconstructed, and who are not on the staff of the organisations that own the electrical installation.
46.2. Obtaining permission for work performed by seconded personnel is carried out in accordance with the Rules. Seconded personnel shall have certificates of the checking of knowledge of the rules for work in electrical installations, bearing a note of the electrical safety group.
46.3. The seconding organisation shall, in an accompanying letter, state the purpose of the secondment, as well as the workers who may be granted the rights to issue permits to work and orders, the rights to be appointed responsible managers of the work, performing authorities and members of the work team, and also the workers entitled to carry out special work, and shall confirm the groups of these workers.
46.4. On arrival at the place of secondment, seconded personnel shall undergo introductory and initial briefings on labour protection, and shall be familiarised with the electrical diagram and the features of the electrical installation in which they are to work, and the workers who are granted the right to issue permits to work and orders and to perform the duties of the responsible manager of the work and the performing authority shall undergo a briefing on the power supply diagram of the electrical installation. The briefings shall be documented by entries in the briefing logs with the signatures of the seconded workers and of the workers who conducted the briefings.
46.5. The grant to the seconded personnel of the engaged organisation of the right to work in electrical installations in service as issuing authorities for permits to work and orders, as responsible managers of the work and performing authorities, as persons granting admission on overhead lines in accordance with paragraph 5.13 of the Rules, and as members of the work team, may be documented by the head of the organisation (separate subdivision) that owns the electrical installation, by a resolution on the letter of the seconding organisation or by an organisational and administrative document of the organisation (separate subdivision). Where the organisation's electrical installations are permanently maintained under a service contract by the seconded personnel of the engaged organisation, their workers may be granted the rights of operational and operational-repair personnel after they have completed the necessary stages of training and knowledge testing by the commission at their place of permanent work, with the granting of the necessary rights to work in electrical installations in service and the appointment of responsible persons in accordance with Chapter V of the Rules. In this case, the list of electrical installations in which these rights are granted and the list of responsible persons with the granting of the corresponding rights shall be documented by an organisational and administrative document of the organisation (separate subdivision) that owns the electrical installation.
46.6. The initial briefing of seconded personnel shall be conducted by a worker of the organisation that owns the electrical installations, from among the administrative and technical personnel, holding electrical safety group V - when work is carried out in electrical installations at a voltage above 1000 V - or holding electrical safety group IV - when work is carried out in electrical installations at a voltage up to 1000 V. The content of the briefing shall be determined by the briefing worker depending on the nature and complexity of the work and on the diagram and features of the electrical installation, and shall be recorded in the briefing registration log.
46.7. The seconding organisation is responsible for the conformity of the groups and rights assigned to the seconded personnel and granted to them in accordance with paragraph 46.3 of the Rules, and for their compliance with the Rules.
46.8. The organisation in whose electrical installations work is carried out by the seconded personnel is responsible for implementing the prescribed safety measures for the performance of work in electrical installations that ensure the protection of workers from electric shock from the operating and induced voltage of the electrical installation, and for admission to work.
46.9. The preparation of the workplace and the admission of the seconded personnel to work in electrical installations are carried out in accordance with the Rules and are performed by the workers of the organisation in whose electrical installations the work is carried out. When working on overhead lines, the responsible person in charge of the work or the performing authority from among the seconded personnel may combine the duties of the person granting admission in cases where: on overhead lines of all voltage levels - preparation of the workplace requires only checking for the absence of voltage and installing portable earthing at the work site without operating switching devices; on overhead lines up to and including 35 kV - work is performed under voltage on the current-carrying parts of the electrical installation.
46.10. Work is carried out by the seconded personnel in operating electrical installations under permits to work and instructions, and if the seconded personnel are granted the rights of operational and repair personnel, the work may also be carried out in the course of routine operation in accordance with Chapter VIII of the Rules.
46.11. In the event of technological connection carried out in the manner provided for in Chapter X of the Rules for Technological Connection of Power-Receiving Devices of Electrical Energy Consumers, Electrical Energy Production Facilities, and Electric Grid Facilities Belonging to Grid Organisations and Other Persons to Electrical Grids <7>, the requirements of the Rules do not apply to applicants, provided that the electric power industry entity complies with the following conditions: ---------- <7> Government Resolution of the Russian Federation No. 861 of 27 December 2004 "On Approval of the Rules for Non-Discriminatory Access to Services for the Transmission of Electrical Energy and the Provision of Such Services, the Rules for Non-Discriminatory Access to Services for Operational Dispatch Management in the Electric Power Industry and the Provision of Such Services, the Rules for Non-Discriminatory Access to the Services of the Administrator of the Wholesale Market Trading System and the Provision of Such Services, and the Rules for Technological Connection of Power-Receiving Devices of Electrical Energy Consumers, Electrical Energy Production Facilities, and Electric Grid Facilities Belonging to Grid Organisations and Other Persons to Electrical Grids" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2004, No. 52, Article 5525; 2020, No. 11, Article 1564). the work on the actual connection is carried out within the balance sheet ownership boundary of such applicant (even if this physically takes place at an electric grid facility); the possibility of safely carrying out the work is ensured by the grid organisation in a manner that does not pose a threat to the life and health of the applicant; the requirements specified in this paragraph of the Rules are reflected in an instruction containing a sequential list of actions ensuring the safe performance, through the applicant's actions, of the actual connection and the actual receipt of voltage and power.
47.1. Construction and installation, repair, and commissioning work on the territory of the organisation owning the electrical installations shall be carried out in accordance with a contract or other written agreement with the construction and installation (repair, commissioning) organisation (hereinafter - the SMO), in which information on the content, scope, and time frames for carrying out the work shall be specified. Before the commencement of work, the SMO shall submit a list of workers who have the right to issue permits to work and to be persons in charge of the work, indicating their surname and initials, position, and also the electrical safety group, if any.
47.2. Before the commencement of work, the head or an authorised representative of the organisation (separate subdivision), together with a representative of the SMO, shall draw up an admission certificate for the performance of work on the territory of the operating enterprise.
47.3. The admission certificate shall specify: the locations for creating visible breaks in the electrical circuit, formed to separate the section allocated to the SMO from the operating electrical installation, and the locations for installing protective earthing; the location and type of barriers preventing the possibility of erroneous entry of SMO workers beyond the work area; the point of entry (exit) and vehicle entry (exit) to the work area; the presence of hazardous and harmful factors. The admission certificate or a separate instruction of the organisation (separate subdivision) owning the electrical installations specifies the workers who have the right to admit SMO workers to work and the right to sign the permit to work. In this case, one copy of the instruction is issued to the representative of the SMO.
47.4. The heads of the SMO and of the organisation owning the electrical installations are responsible for compliance with the actions ensuring the safety of the performance of work provided for in the admission certificate.
47.5. Upon arrival at the work site, the SMO personnel shall undergo an introductory and primary labour safety briefing, taking into account local specifics and the hazardous factors present at the allocated section, and workers who have the right to issue permits to work and to be persons in charge of the work shall additionally undergo a briefing on the schematics of the electrical installations. The briefing shall be conducted by the head (or a worker authorised by him) of the subdivision of the organisation owning the electrical installations. The conduct of the briefing shall be recorded in the briefing registration logs of the SMO and of the subdivision of the organisation owning the electrical installations.
47.6. Construction and installation, repair, and commissioning work on the territory of the organisation shall be carried out under a permit to work issued by the responsible workers of the SMO, in accordance with the requirements of the regulatory legal acts establishing labour protection requirements in construction.
47.7. The preparation of the workplace for carrying out construction and installation work is performed at the request of the SMO by the workers of the organisation owning the electrical installations.
47.8. The work area allocated to the SMO shall have a barrier preventing the erroneous entry of SMO personnel into the operating part of the electrical installation.
47.9. The routes of passage and travel of the SMO personnel, machines, and mechanisms into the enclosed area allocated for carrying out the work shall not cross the territory or premises of the operating part of the electrical installations.
47.10. The initial admission to work on the territory of the organisation shall be carried out by the person granting admission from among the personnel of the organisation owning the electrical installations. The person granting admission signs the permit to work issued by the SMO worker responsible for issuing the permit to work. After that, the SMO's person in charge of the work authorises the commencement of work.
47.11. In cases where the work area is not enclosed, or the route of the SMO workers to the allocated area passes through the territory or premises of the operating switchgear, the daily admission of the SMO personnel to work shall be carried out by the person granting admission, and the work in it shall be carried out under the supervision of an observer from among the personnel of the organisation owning the electrical installations.
47.12. The observer, on an equal basis with the responsible person in charge (executor) of the SMO, is responsible for the conformity of the prepared workplace with the instructions provided for in the permit to work, for the presence and preservation of the earthing, barriers, safety posters and signs, and drive locking devices installed at the workplace, and for the safety of the SMO workers with regard to electric shock.
47.13. The admission of the SMO personnel to work in the protection zone of a power transmission line under voltage, and also in the crossing span with an operating overhead line, is carried out by the person granting admission from among the personnel of the organisation operating the power transmission line and by the responsible person in charge of the work of the SMO. In this case, the person granting admission carries out the admission of the responsible person in charge and the executor of each SMO crew. For work in the protection zone of a disconnected power transmission line and on the disconnected line itself, the person granting admission may admit only the responsible person in charge of the work of the SMO, who shall then himself carry out the admission of the remaining SMO personnel.
47.14. The performance of work in the protection zone of a power transmission line under voltage is carried out with the permission of the responsible person in charge of the work of the SMO and under the supervision of an observer from among the personnel of the organisation operating the power transmission line. The performance of work in the protection zone of a disconnected power transmission line and on the disconnected line itself is carried out with the permission of the person granting admission of the organisation operating the power transmission line, after the installation of earthing, carried out in accordance with the requirements of Chapter XXII of the Rules.
47.15. The performance of SMO work in the protection zones of overhead lines using lifting machines and mechanisms with an extending part is permitted taking into account the requirements of paragraph 45.6 of the Rules and only on condition that the distance through the air from the machine (mechanism) or from its extending or lifting part, from its working element, or from the load being lifted, in any position, to the nearest wire under voltage is not less than the distance specified in Table No. 8.
47.16. The permit for carrying out earthworks in the protection zone of a cable line and the admission certificate shall specify the location and depth of laying of the cable line.
47.17. Before the commencement of earthworks in the protection zone of a cable line, under the supervision of the personnel of the organisation operating the cable line, a control excavation of the soil (a trial pit) shall be made to clarify the location and depth of laying of the cables, and a temporary barrier defining the operating area of the earth-moving machines shall also be installed.
47.18. The piercing of the cable shall be carried out by the workers of the organisation operating the cable line, in accordance with paragraph 37.19 of the Rules.
members of the commission (position, surname and initials):
admitted as (the category of personnel is specified: